CVE-2026-98007
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
bpf: Reject non-scalar bpf_loop iteration counts
bpf_loop() declares its nr_loops argument as ARG_ANYTHING. Privileged programs may pass pointer values to such arguments, so check_func_arg() lets a pointer-valued R1 reach the helper-specific checks.
Since commit bb124da69c47 ("bpf: keep track of max number of bpf_loop callback iterations"), the verifier marks R1 precise and reads its upper bound to limit callback simulation. Precision backtracking only accepts scalar registers, so passing a pointer instead triggers the "backtracking misuse" verifier warning. Kernels with panic_on_warn enabled subsequently panic.
Read full descriptionShow less
Introduce ARG_SCALAR for helper arguments that only accept scalar values and use it for bpf_loop() nr_loops. Generic helper argument validation then rejects pointers before loop inlining and precision processing.
CVSS
NVD hasn't assigned a CVSS score to this CVE (common since the April 2026 policy change).
Exploitation probability (EPSS)
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.17%
- Percentile among all scored CVEs: 5
- Score date: 10/5/2026
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, FIRST) estimates how likely a vulnerability is to be exploited in the wild within 30 days. It complements CVSS (impact) and CISA KEV (confirmed exploitation).
Affected technologies (1)
⚠ AI-inferred from the description — NVD hasn't analyzed this CVE yet, these aren't verified CPEs.
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ff38b3552af53238aee6c877ae64cc798d46fce
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/656d40d1ca228ee21a9b3280432479fc9eae75ab
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c3fd8e5fd100f122bad503bdc0e9277219533253
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2e1161e03fecff6d2229a81b024337144bfcd97
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f8ae8275c721334ee50fafdd986fb83294eb941a
Raw JSON (NVD)
Show
{
"id": "CVE-2026-98007",
"cveTags": [],
"metrics": {},
"affected": [
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"affectedData": [
{
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"product": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "bfc5c19b4b48840627af0d0f1c8f4461b276e508",
"lessThan": "2ff38b3552af53238aee6c877ae64cc798d46fce",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "bb124da69c47dd98d69361ec13244ece50bec63e",
"lessThan": "656d40d1ca228ee21a9b3280432479fc9eae75ab",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "bb124da69c47dd98d69361ec13244ece50bec63e",
"lessThan": "e2e1161e03fecff6d2229a81b024337144bfcd97",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "bb124da69c47dd98d69361ec13244ece50bec63e",
"lessThan": "f8ae8275c721334ee50fafdd986fb83294eb941a",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "bb124da69c47dd98d69361ec13244ece50bec63e",
"lessThan": "c3fd8e5fd100f122bad503bdc0e9277219533253",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.6.15",
"lessThan": "6.6.158",
"versionType": "semver"
}
],
"programFiles": [
"include/linux/bpf.h",
"kernel/bpf/bpf_iter.c",
"kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected"
},
{
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"product": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.7"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"lessThan": "6.7",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.158",
"versionType": "semver",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.111",
"versionType": "semver",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.18.53",
"versionType": "semver",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.2.7",
"versionType": "semver",
"lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.3-rc2",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix",
"lessThanOrEqual": "*"
}
],
"programFiles": [
"include/linux/bpf.h",
"kernel/bpf/bpf_iter.c",
"kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected"
}
]
}
],
"published": "2026-09-25T11:17:28.967",
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ff38b3552af53238aee6c877ae64cc798d46fce",
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/656d40d1ca228ee21a9b3280432479fc9eae75ab",
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c3fd8e5fd100f122bad503bdc0e9277219533253",
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2e1161e03fecff6d2229a81b024337144bfcd97",
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f8ae8275c721334ee50fafdd986fb83294eb941a",
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
}
],
"vulnStatus": "Received",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Reject non-scalar bpf_loop iteration counts\n\nbpf_loop() declares its nr_loops argument as ARG_ANYTHING. Privileged\nprograms may pass pointer values to such arguments, so check_func_arg()\nlets a pointer-valued R1 reach the helper-specific checks.\n\nSince commit bb124da69c47 (\"bpf: keep track of max number of bpf_loop\ncallback iterations\"), the verifier marks R1 precise and reads its upper\nbound to limit callback simulation. Precision backtracking only accepts\nscalar registers, so passing a pointer instead triggers the \"backtracking\nmisuse\" verifier warning. Kernels with panic_on_warn enabled subsequently\npanic.\n\nIntroduce ARG_SCALAR for helper arguments that only accept scalar values\nand use it for bpf_loop() nr_loops. Generic helper argument validation then\nrejects pointers before loop inlining and precision processing."
}
],
"lastModified": "2026-10-03T11:18:23.630",
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
}