CVE-2026-85394
python-jose through 3.5.0 fails to properly validate asymmetric keys in HMAC initialization, accepting DER-encoded public keys that lack PEM armor or SSH prefixes. Attackers holding the service's public key can forge HS256 tokens that pass verification when algorithms are not explicitly restricted. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-33663.
CVSS
- Versión: 4.0
- Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
- Puntuación base: 9.3
Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)
- Probabilidad de explotación en los próximos 30 días: 0.35%
- Percentil entre todas las CVEs puntuadas: 27
- Fecha de la puntuación: 5/10/2026
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).
🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK
Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.
- Explotación
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Applicationinitial access85 % - Impacto secundario
T1078.004Cloud Accountsstealth · persistence · privilege escalation · initial access75 %
Vulnerabilidad de validación en biblioteca de terceros (python-jose) expuesta en red sin autenticación. Permite falsificar tokens JWT con clave pública (explotación remota no autenticada, T1190). Impacto: suplantación de identidad mediante tokens forjados (T1553.003) y acceso a cuentas/servicios (T1
Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.
🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas
Tecnologías afectadas (1)
⚠ Inferidas por IA a partir de la descripción — NVD aún no ha analizado esta CVE; no son CPE verificados.
CWE
- CWE-347
Referencias
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6c5p-j8vq-pqhj
- https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose
- https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b310ddb8b50dcfd09a0c152117835a21dd656/jose/backends/native.py
- https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b310ddb8b50dcfd09a0c152117835a21dd656/jose/utils.py
- https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/issues/414
- https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/python-jose-through-3.5.0-algorithm-confusion-via-der-encoded-public-key-as-hmac-secret
JSON original (NVD)
Mostrar
{
"id": "CVE-2026-85394",
"cveTags": [],
"metrics": {
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{
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
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"id": "CVE-2026-85394",
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"options": [
{
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},
{
"automatable": "no"
},
{
"technicalImpact": "total"
}
],
"version": "2.0.3",
"timestamp": "2026-09-14T13:05:35.325975Z"
}
}
],
"cvssMetricV31": [
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"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
},
"impactScore": 5.2,
"exploitabilityScore": 3.9
}
],
"cvssMetricV40": [
{
"type": "Secondary",
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"cvssData": {
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"version": "4.0",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
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"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
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"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED"
}
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},
"affected": [
{
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
"affectedData": [
{
"vendor": "mpdavis",
"product": "python-jose",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver",
"lessThanOrEqual": "3.5.0"
}
],
"packageURL": "pkg:pypi/python-jose",
"defaultStatus": "unaffected"
}
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],
"published": "2026-09-03T19:17:31.257",
"references": [
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{
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{
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"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
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{
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/python-jose-through-3.5.0-algorithm-confusion-via-der-encoded-public-key-as-hmac-secret",
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
}
],
"vulnStatus": "Deferred",
"weaknesses": [
{
"type": "Secondary",
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-347"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "python-jose through 3.5.0 fails to properly validate asymmetric keys in HMAC initialization, accepting DER-encoded public keys that lack PEM armor or SSH prefixes. Attackers holding the service's public key can forge HS256 tokens that pass verification when algorithms are not explicitly restricted. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-33663."
}
],
"lastModified": "2026-09-24T20:43:32.537",
"sourceIdentifier": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
}