CVE-2026-72427

Estado: RecibidaAlta (7.8)—

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

bpf: Fix effective prog array index with BPF_F_PREORDER

replace_effective_prog() and purge_effective_progs() located the slot in the effective array by walking the program hlist and counting entries linearly. That count does not match the array layout: compute_effective_ progs() places BPF_F_PREORDER programs at the front (ancestor cgroup first, attach order within a cgroup) and the rest after them (descendant cgroup first). So when a preorder program is present, the linear hlist position no longer equals the program's index in the effective array.

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For replace_effective_prog() (bpf_link_update()) this overwrote the wrong slot, corrupting the effective order. For purge_effective_progs(), it could dummy out a slot belonging to a different program and leave the detached program in the array while bpf_prog_put() drops its reference, i.e. a use-after-free.

Fix both by replaying compute_effective_progs()'s placement (including the per-cgroup preorder reversal) in a shared effective_prog_pos() helper. Identify the entry by its struct bpf_prog_list pointer rather than by (prog, link) value, so the lookup resolves to exactly the attachment the syscall selected even when the same bpf_prog is attached to several cgroups in the hierarchy.

CVSS

Versión: 3.1
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Puntuación base: 7.8

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

Probabilidad de explotación en los próximos 30 días: 0.17%
Percentil entre todas las CVEs puntuadas: 6
Fecha de la puntuación: 6/10/2026

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

ExplotaciónT1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalationprivilege escalation85 %
Impacto principalT1499.004 Application or System Exploitationimpact75 %
Impacto secundarioT1565.001 Stored Data Manipulationimpact70 %

AV:L, PR:L, UI:N indica escalada local; uso-after-free en kernel BPF causa DoS o corrupción de memoria; impacto confidencialidad, integridad y disponibilidad confirmados en descripción.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Threat Intelligence Program Restrict File and Directory Permissions Remote Data Storage Filter Network Traffic Execution Prevention Encrypt Sensitive Information

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

⚠ Inferidas por IA a partir de la descripción — NVD aún no ha analizado esta CVE; no son CPE verificados.

Linux — Linux Kernel^AI

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2026-72427",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 7.8,
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
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      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "affectedData": [
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          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "versions": [
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          ],
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/bpf/cgroup.c"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected"
        },
        {
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          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "versions": [
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              "version": "6.15"
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              "version": "6.18.40",
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            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.1.5",
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            },
            {
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              "version": "7.2",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*"
            }
          ],
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/bpf/cgroup.c"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected"
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      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2026-08-15T06:22:16.520",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/41b4320b84fdafe1ab586b06453d30d50415db59",
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
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    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/525e408c27ae714e538b8c608c3a974df3ab6c92",
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      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    },
    {
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      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Received",
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Fix effective prog array index with BPF_F_PREORDER\n\nreplace_effective_prog() and purge_effective_progs() located the slot in\nthe effective array by walking the program hlist and counting entries\nlinearly. That count does not match the array layout: compute_effective_\nprogs() places BPF_F_PREORDER programs at the front (ancestor cgroup\nfirst, attach order within a cgroup) and the rest after them (descendant\ncgroup first). So when a preorder program is present, the linear hlist\nposition no longer equals the program's index in the effective array.\n\nFor replace_effective_prog() (bpf_link_update()) this overwrote the\nwrong slot, corrupting the effective order. For purge_effective_progs(),\nit could dummy out a slot belonging to a different program and leave the\ndetached program in the array while bpf_prog_put() drops its reference,\ni.e. a use-after-free.\n\nFix both by replaying compute_effective_progs()'s placement (including\nthe per-cgroup preorder reversal) in a shared effective_prog_pos()\nhelper. Identify the entry by its struct bpf_prog_list pointer rather\nthan by (prog, link) value, so the lookup resolves to exactly the\nattachment the syscall selected even when the same bpf_prog is attached\nto several cgroups in the hierarchy."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-08-17T06:19:09.980",
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
}