CVE-2026-49249

Status: DeferredHigh (7.1)—

Boruta is a standalone authorization server that aims to implement OAuth 2.0 and Openid Connect up to decentralized identity specifications. Prior to version 0.10.0, BorutaIdentityWeb.UserSettingsController.update/2 atomizes every key of the user-supplied request body via String.to_atom/1 before any validation. Because String.to_atom interns atoms permanently in the BEAM atom table (default cap 1,048,576 atoms; ERL_MAX_ATOMS), any authenticated end user can send PUT /users/settings with a user[<fresh-key>]=... body containing fresh keys per request and exhaust the global VM atom table.

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Once the table is full, the BEAM aborts with no more index entries in atom_tab and the entire OIDC server (auth, admin, gateway apps in the umbrella) crashes. The route is protected only by require_authenticated_user and a per-IP rate limit of 10 requests/second; a logged-in end user can hit it. The keys are atomized unconditionally before the downstream Accounts.update_user/6 call, so even failing updates contribute to exhaustion. This issue has been patched in version 0.10.0.

CVSS

Version: 4.0
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Base score: 7.1

Exploitation probability (EPSS)

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.40%
Percentile among all scored CVEs: 32
Score date: 10/5/2026

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, FIRST) estimates how likely a vulnerability is to be exploited in the wild within 30 days. It complements CVSS (impact) and CISA KEV (confirmed exploitation).

🎯 ATT&CK techniques

How this vulnerability is exploited and what the attacker gains, in MITRE ATT&CK terms.

ExploitationT1210 Exploitation of Remote Serviceslateral movement75 %
Primary impactT1499.004 Application or System Exploitationimpact85 %
Secondary impactT1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalationprivilege escalation60 %

Acceso remoto con PR:L (usuario autenticado) en servidor OIDC. Ataque de denegación por agotamiento de recursos (atom table). Requiere privilegios de red adyacente/autenticado (T1210). Impacto: DoS por consumo de recursos (T1499.004) e indirectamente escalada al afectar servicios críticos del umbrel

Inferred by our analysis agent from the official description, CVSS vector and CWE, and checked by a supervisor. May contain errors.

🛡️ ATT&CK mitigations that cover these techniques

Threat Intelligence Program Application Isolation and Sandboxing Exploit Protection Update Software Vulnerability Scanning Privileged Account Management

Affected technologies (1)

⚠ AI-inferred from the description — NVD hasn't analyzed this CVE yet, these aren't verified CPEs.

Boruta — Boruta^AI

CWEs

CWE-400, CWE-770

References

Raw JSON (NVD)

Show

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