CVE-2026-45903

Estado: En análisisAlta (7.1)—

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

bpf: Fix memory access flags in helper prototypes

After commit 37cce22dbd51 ("bpf: verifier: Refactor helper access type tracking"), the verifier started relying on the access type flags in helper function prototypes to perform memory access optimizations.

Currently, several helper functions utilizing ARG_PTR_TO_MEM lack the corresponding MEM_RDONLY or MEM_WRITE flags. This omission causes the verifier to incorrectly assume that the buffer contents are unchanged across the helper call. Consequently, the verifier may optimize away subsequent reads based on this wrong assumption, leading to correctness issues.

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For bpf_get_stack_proto_raw_tp, the original MEM_RDONLY was incorrect since the helper writes to the buffer. Change it to ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM which correctly indicates write access to potentially uninitialized memory.

Similar issues were recently addressed for specific helpers in commit ac44dcc788b9 ("bpf: Fix verifier assumptions of bpf_d_path's output buffer") and commit 2eb7648558a7 ("bpf: Specify access type of bpf_sysctl_get_name args").

Fix these prototypes by adding the correct memory access flags.

CVSS

Versión: 3.1
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
Puntuación base: 7.1

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

Probabilidad de explotación en los próximos 30 días: 0.16%
Percentil entre todas las CVEs puntuadas: 5
Fecha de la puntuación: 5/10/2026

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

ExplotaciónT1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalationprivilege escalation75 %
Impacto principalT1059 Command and Scripting Interpreterexecution65 %

Vulnerabilidad en kernel Linux con acceso local (AV:L) y privilegios requeridos (PR:L). La falta de flags de acceso en prototipos BPF permite al verifier optimizar incorrectamente, permitiendo lecturas de memoria no autorizadas que podrían ejecutar código no previsto.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Execution Prevention Threat Intelligence Program Restrict Web-Based Content Privileged Account Management Limit Software Installation Behavior Prevention on Endpoint

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

Linux — Linux Kernel

CWE

CWE-125

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Fix memory access flags in helper prototypes\n\nAfter commit 37cce22dbd51 (\"bpf: verifier: Refactor helper access type tracking\"),\nthe verifier started relying on the access type flags in helper\nfunction prototypes to perform memory access optimizations.\n\nCurrently, several helper functions utilizing ARG_PTR_TO_MEM lack the\ncorresponding MEM_RDONLY or MEM_WRITE flags. This omission causes the\nverifier to incorrectly assume that the buffer contents are unchanged\nacross the helper call. Consequently, the verifier may optimize away\nsubsequent reads based on this wrong assumption, leading to correctness\nissues.\n\nFor bpf_get_stack_proto_raw_tp, the original MEM_RDONLY was incorrect\nsince the helper writes to the buffer. Change it to ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM\nwhich correctly indicates write access to potentially uninitialized memory.\n\nSimilar issues were recently addressed for specific helpers in commit\nac44dcc788b9 (\"bpf: Fix verifier assumptions of bpf_d_path's output buffer\")\nand commit 2eb7648558a7 (\"bpf: Specify access type of bpf_sysctl_get_name args\").\n\nFix these prototypes by adding the correct memory access flags."
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