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CVE-2026-45447

Estado: ModificadaAlta (8.8)—

Issue summary: A specially crafted PKCS#7 or S/MIME signed message could trigger a use-after-free during PKCS#7 signature verification.

Impact summary: A use-after-free may result in process crashes, heap corruption, or potentially remote code execution.

When processing a PKCS#7 or S/MIME signed message, if the SignedData digestAlgorithms field is present as an empty ASN.1 SET, OpenSSL may incorrectly free a caller-owned BIO during PKCS7_verify(). A subsequent use of the BIO by the calling application results in a use-after-free condition.

In the common case this occurs when the application later calls BIO_free() on the BIO originally passed to PKCS7_verify().

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Depending on allocator behavior and application-specific BIO usage patterns, this may result in a crash or other memory corruption. In some application contexts this may potentially be exploitable for remote code execution.

Applications that process PKCS#7 or S/MIME signed messages using OpenSSL PKCS#7 APIs may be affected. Applications using the CMS APIs for this processing are not affected.

The FIPS modules in 4.0, 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, and 3.0 are not affected by this issue, as the affected code is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

AV:N/PR:L requiere red+privilegios→T1210. PKCS#7 permite RCE potencial (T1059) e impacto DoS por corrupción de heap (T1499.004). Confianza moderada: RCE es potencial, no garantizado.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Privileged Account ManagementDisable or Remove Feature or ProgramVulnerability ScanningThreat Intelligence ProgramRestrict Web-Based ContentNetwork Segmentation

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

Openssl — Openssl

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
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      "source": "openssl-security@openssl.org",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-416"
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    },
    {
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      "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
      "description": [
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          "value": "CWE-825"
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  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Issue summary: A specially crafted PKCS#7 or S/MIME signed message could\ntrigger a use-after-free during PKCS#7 signature verification.\n\nImpact summary: A use-after-free may result in process crashes, heap\ncorruption, or potentially remote code execution.\n\nWhen processing a PKCS#7 or S/MIME signed message, if the SignedData\ndigestAlgorithms field is present as an empty ASN.1 SET, OpenSSL may\nincorrectly free a caller-owned BIO during PKCS7_verify(). A subsequent\nuse of the BIO by the calling application results in a use-after-free\ncondition.\n\nIn the common case this occurs when the application later calls\nBIO_free() on the BIO originally passed to PKCS7_verify(). Depending\non allocator behavior and application-specific BIO usage patterns, this\nmay result in a crash or other memory corruption. In some application\ncontexts this may potentially be exploitable for remote code execution.\n\nApplications that process PKCS#7 or S/MIME signed messages using OpenSSL\nPKCS#7 APIs may be affected. Applications using the CMS APIs for this\nprocessing are not affected.\n\nThe FIPS modules in 4.0, 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, and 3.0 are not affected by this\nissue, as the affected code is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary."
    },
    {
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      "value": "Resumen del problema: Un mensaje firmado PKCS#7 o S/MIME especialmente diseñado podría desencadenar un uso después de liberación durante la verificación de firma PKCS#7.\n\nResumen del impacto: Un uso después de liberación puede resultar en caídas de proceso, corrupción de heap o potencialmente ejecución remota de código.\n\nAl procesar un mensaje firmado PKCS#7 o S/MIME, si el campo digestAlgorithms de SignedData está presente como un SET ASN.1 vacío, OpenSSL puede liberar incorrectamente un BIO propiedad del llamador durante PKCS7_verify(). Un uso posterior del BIO por la aplicación llamadora resulta en una condición de uso después de liberación.\n\nEn el caso común, esto ocurre cuando la aplicación llama posteriormente a BIO_free() en el BIO pasado originalmente a PKCS7_verify(). Dependiendo del comportamiento del asignador y de los patrones de uso de BIO específicos de la aplicación, esto puede resultar en una caída u otra corrupción de memoria. En algunos contextos de aplicación, esto podría ser potencialmente explotable para ejecución remota de código.\n\nLas aplicaciones que procesan mensajes firmados PKCS#7 o S/MIME utilizando las APIs PKCS#7 de OpenSSL pueden verse afectadas. Las aplicaciones que utilizan las APIs CMS para este procesamiento no se ven afectadas.\n\nLos módulos FIPS en 4.0, 3.6, 3.5, 3.4 y 3.0 no se ven afectados por este problema, ya que el código afectado está fuera del límite del módulo FIPS de OpenSSL."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-09-18T13:18:26.343",
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