CVE-2026-28472
OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.2 contain a vulnerability in the gateway WebSocket connect handshake in which it allows skipping device identity checks when auth.token is present but not validated. Attackers can connect to the gateway without providing device identity or pairing by exploiting the presence check instead of validation, potentially gaining operator access in vulnerable deployments.
CVSS
- Versión: 4.0
- Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
- Puntuación base: 9.2
Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)
- Probabilidad de explotación en los próximos 30 días: 0.65%
- Percentil entre todas las CVEs puntuadas: 50
- Fecha de la puntuación: 5/10/2026
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).
🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK
Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.
- Explotación
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Applicationinitial access85 % - Impacto principal
T1078Valid Accountsstealth · persistence · privilege escalation · initial access80 %
Vector AV:N/PR:N sin UI:R → acceso remoto sin privilegios; bypass de autenticación (auth.token mal validado) permitiendo acceso de operador no autorizado sin emparejamiento de dispositivo, típico de T1078.
Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.
🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas
Tecnologías afectadas (1)
CWE
- CWE-306
Referencias
JSON original (NVD)
Mostrar
{
"id": "CVE-2026-28472",
"cveTags": [],
"metrics": {
"ssvcV203": [
{
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"ssvcData": {
"id": "CVE-2026-28472",
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"options": [
{
"exploitation": "none"
},
{
"automatable": "no"
},
{
"technicalImpact": "total"
}
],
"version": "2.0.3",
"timestamp": "2026-03-09T18:04:36.071340Z"
}
}
],
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"type": "Secondary",
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
"cvssData": {
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"version": "3.1",
"baseScore": 8.1,
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
},
"impactScore": 5.9,
"exploitabilityScore": 2.2
},
{
"type": "Primary",
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"cvssData": {
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"version": "3.1",
"baseScore": 9.8,
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
},
"impactScore": 5.9,
"exploitabilityScore": 3.9
}
],
"cvssMetricV40": [
{
"type": "Secondary",
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
"cvssData": {
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"version": "4.0",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"baseScore": 9.2,
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED"
}
}
]
},
"affected": [
{
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
"affectedData": [
{
"vendor": "OpenClaw",
"product": "OpenClaw",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"lessThan": "2026.2.2",
"versionType": "custom"
}
],
"packageURL": "pkg:npm/openclaw",
"defaultStatus": "unaffected"
}
]
}
],
"published": "2026-03-05T22:16:21.017",
"references": [
{
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/fe81b1d7125a014b8280da461f34efbf5f761575",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-rv39-79c4-7459",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
},
{
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-device-identity-check-bypass-in-gateway-websocket-connect-handshake",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
}
],
"vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
"weaknesses": [
{
"type": "Secondary",
"source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-306"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.2 contain a vulnerability in the gateway WebSocket connect handshake in which it allows skipping device identity checks when auth.token is present but not validated. Attackers can connect to the gateway without providing device identity or pairing by exploiting the presence check instead of validation, potentially gaining operator access in vulnerable deployments."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "Versiones de OpenClaw anteriores a 2026.2.2 contienen una vulnerabilidad en el handshake de conexión WebSocket del gateway en la que permite omitir las comprobaciones de identidad del dispositivo cuando auth.token está presente pero no validado. Los atacantes pueden conectarse al gateway sin proporcionar identidad del dispositivo o emparejamiento explotando la comprobación de presencia en lugar de la validación, obteniendo potencialmente acceso de operador en implementaciones vulnerables."
}
],
"lastModified": "2026-06-17T10:28:42.523",
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"negate": false,
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "CC7879A3-C51B-446A-AA4B-F1BAF8C2E88B",
"versionEndExcluding": "2026.2.2"
}
],
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
}