CVE-2026-26955

Estado: ModificadaAlta (8.8)—

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.23.0, a malicious RDP server can trigger a heap buffer overflow in FreeRDP clients using the GDI surface pipeline (e.g., `xfreerdp`) by sending an RDPGFX ClearCodec surface command with an out-of-bounds destination rectangle.

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The `gdi_SurfaceCommand_ClearCodec()` handler does not call `is_within_surface()` to validate the command rectangle against the destination surface dimensions, allowing attacker-controlled `cmd->left`/`cmd->top` (and subcodec rectangle offsets) to reach image copy routines that write into `surface->data` without bounds enforcement. The OOB write corrupts an adjacent `gdiGfxSurface` struct's `codecs*` pointer with attacker-controlled pixel data, and corruption of `codecs*` is sufficient to reach an indirect function pointer call (`NSC_CONTEXT.decode` at `nsc.c:500`) on a subsequent codec command — full instruction pointer (RIP) control demonstrated in exploitability harness. Users should upgrade to version 3.23.0 to receive a patch.

CVSS

Versión: 3.1
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Puntuación base: 8.8

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

Probabilidad de explotación en los próximos 30 días: 0.56%
Percentil entre todas las CVEs puntuadas: 45
Fecha de la puntuación: 6/10/2026

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

ExplotaciónT1203 Exploitation for Client Executionexecution95 %
Impacto principalT1059 Command and Scripting Interpreterexecution90 %
Impacto secundarioT1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalationprivilege escalation75 %

Vector CVSS con UI:R (interacción del usuario) indica cliente. Desbordamiento de búfer heap en handler GDI permite corrupción de punteros de función indirectos (RIP control), logrando ejecución arbitraria de código. Escalada a privilegios posible por contexto RDP.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Execution Prevention Application Isolation and Sandboxing Exploit Protection Update Software Threat Intelligence Program Restrict Web-Based Content

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

Freerdp — Freerdp

CWE

CWE-787
CWE-805

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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  "published": "2026-02-25T21:16:42.863",
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      "value": "FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.23.0, a malicious RDP server can trigger a heap buffer overflow in FreeRDP clients using the GDI surface pipeline (e.g., `xfreerdp`) by sending an RDPGFX ClearCodec surface command with an out-of-bounds destination rectangle. The `gdi_SurfaceCommand_ClearCodec()` handler does not call `is_within_surface()` to validate the command rectangle against the destination surface dimensions, allowing attacker-controlled `cmd->left`/`cmd->top` (and subcodec rectangle offsets) to reach image copy routines that write into `surface->data` without bounds enforcement. The OOB write corrupts an adjacent `gdiGfxSurface` struct's `codecs*` pointer with attacker-controlled pixel data, and corruption of `codecs*` is sufficient to reach an indirect function pointer call (`NSC_CONTEXT.decode` at `nsc.c:500`) on a subsequent codec command — full instruction pointer (RIP) control demonstrated in exploitability harness. Users should upgrade to version 3.23.0 to receive a patch."
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    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "FreeRDP es una implementación gratuita del Protocolo de Escritorio Remoto. Antes de la versión 3.23.0, un servidor RDP malicioso puede desencadenar un desbordamiento de búfer de montón en clientes FreeRDP que utilizan la tubería de superficie GDI (por ejemplo, 'xfreerdp') enviando un comando de superficie RDPGFX ClearCodec con un rectángulo de destino fuera de límites. El gestor 'gdi_SurfaceCommand_ClearCodec()' no llama a 'is_within_surface()' para validar el rectángulo del comando contra las dimensiones de la superficie de destino, permitiendo que 'cmd-&gt;left'/'cmd-&gt;top' (y los desplazamientos del rectángulo del subcódec) controlados por el atacante alcancen rutinas de copia de imagen que escriben en 'surface-&gt;data' sin aplicación de límites. La escritura OOB corrompe el puntero 'codecs*' de una estructura 'gdiGfxSurface' adyacente con datos de píxeles controlados por el atacante, y la corrupción de 'codecs*' es suficiente para alcanzar una llamada a puntero de función indirecta ('NSC_CONTEXT.decode' en 'nsc.c:500') en un comando de códec subsiguiente — control total del puntero de instrucción (RIP) demostrado en el arnés de explotabilidad. Los usuarios deben actualizar a la versión 3.23.0 para recibir un parche."
    }
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  "lastModified": "2026-07-15T02:19:02.203",
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