CVE-2026-25126

Estado: AnalizadaAlta (7.1)—

PolarLearn is a free and open-source learning program. Prior to version 0-PRERELEASE-15, the vote API route (`POST /api/v1/forum/vote`) trusts the JSON body’s `direction` value without runtime validation. TypeScript types are not enforced at runtime, so an attacker can send arbitrary strings (e.g., `"x"`) as `direction`. Downstream (`VoteServer`) treats any non-`"up"` and non-`null` value as a downvote and persists the invalid value in `votes_data`. This can be exploited to bypass intended business logic. Version 0-PRERELEASE-15 fixes the vulnerability.

CVSS

Versión: 3.1
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N
Puntuación base: 7.1

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

Probabilidad de explotación en los próximos 30 días: 0.38%
Percentil entre todas las CVEs puntuadas: 30
Fecha de la puntuación: 6/10/2026

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

ExplotaciónT1210 Exploitation of Remote Serviceslateral movement60 %

Inferido por reglas deterministas a partir del vector CVSS y la CWE. Solo orientativo.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Vulnerability Scanning Threat Intelligence Program Privileged Account Management Network Segmentation Disable or Remove Feature or Program Application Isolation and Sandboxing

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

Polarlearn — Polarlearn

CWE

CWE-20

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

Mostrar

{
  "id": "CVE-2026-25126",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-25126",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2026-01-30T14:37:03.172573Z"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 7.1,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW"
        },
        "impactScore": 4.2,
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "polarnl",
          "product": "PolarLearn",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "< 0-PRERELEASE-15"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2026-01-29T22:15:56.423",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/polarnl/PolarLearn/commit/e6227d94d0e53e854f6a46480db8cd1051184d41",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/polarnl/PolarLearn/security/advisories/GHSA-ghpx-5w2p-p3qp",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-20"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "PolarLearn is a free and open-source learning program. Prior to version 0-PRERELEASE-15, the vote API route (`POST /api/v1/forum/vote`) trusts the JSON body’s `direction` value without runtime validation. TypeScript types are not enforced at runtime, so an attacker can send arbitrary strings (e.g., `\"x\"`) as `direction`. Downstream (`VoteServer`) treats any non-`\"up\"` and non-`null` value as a downvote and persists the invalid value in `votes_data`. This can be exploited to bypass intended business logic. Version 0-PRERELEASE-15 fixes the vulnerability."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "PolarLearn es un programa de aprendizaje gratuito y de código abierto. Antes de la versión 0-PRERELEASE-15, la ruta de la API de votación ('POST /api/v1/forum/vote') confía en el valor 'direction' del cuerpo JSON sin validación en tiempo de ejecución. Los tipos de TypeScript no se aplican en tiempo de ejecución, por lo que un atacante puede enviar cadenas arbitrarias (por ejemplo, 'x') como 'direction'. En el flujo descendente ('VoteServer') trata cualquier valor que no sea 'up' y no sea 'null' como un voto negativo y persiste el valor inválido en 'votes_data'. Esto puede ser explotado para eludir la lógica de negocio prevista. La versión 0-PRERELEASE-15 corrige la vulnerabilidad."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T10:24:09.197",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:polarlearn:polarlearn:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "vulnerable": true,
              "matchCriteriaId": "98DA1036-1EFB-46E7-9C83-425B1C6E6F23"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com"
}