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CVE-2026-22037

Estado: AplazadaAlta (8.4)—

The @fastify/express plugin adds full Express compatibility to Fastify. A security vulnerability exists in @fastify/express prior to version 4.0.3 where middleware registered with a specific path prefix can be bypassed using URL-encoded characters (e.g., `/%61dmin` instead of `/admin`). While the middleware engine fails to match the encoded path and skips execution, the underlying Fastify router correctly decodes the path and matches the route handler, allowing attackers to access protected endpoints without the middleware constraints.

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The vulnerability is caused by how @fastify/express matches requests against registered middleware paths. This vulnerability is similar to, but differs from, CVE-2026-22031 because this is a different npm module with its own code. Version 4.0.3 of @fastify/express contains a patch fort the issue.

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

Acceso remoto autenticado a servicios web (Fastify/Express) mediante bypass de middleware con URL encoding (CWE-177). Permite eludir restricciones y acceder a endpoints protegidos sin validación, escalando privilegios dentro de la aplicación.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Privileged Account ManagementNetwork SegmentationApplication Developer GuidanceActive Directory ConfigurationVulnerability ScanningUser Training

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

⚠ Inferidas por IA a partir de la descripción — NVD aún no ha analizado esta CVE; no son CPE verificados.

Fastify — ExpressAI

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2026-22037",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-22037",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2026-01-20T21:34:36.586373Z"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 8.4,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 6,
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "fastify",
          "product": "fastify-express",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "< 4.0.3"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2026-01-19T17:15:50.283",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/fastify/fastify-express/commit/dc02a3fe1387f945143f22597baa42557d549a40",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/fastify/fastify-express/security/advisories/GHSA-g6q3-96cp-5r5m",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-177"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-288"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "The @fastify/express plugin adds full Express compatibility to Fastify. A security vulnerability exists in @fastify/express prior to version 4.0.3 where middleware registered with a specific path prefix can be bypassed using URL-encoded characters (e.g., `/%61dmin` instead of `/admin`). While the middleware engine fails to match the encoded path and skips execution, the underlying Fastify router correctly decodes the path and matches the route handler, allowing attackers to access protected endpoints without the middleware constraints. The vulnerability is caused by how @fastify/express matches requests against registered middleware paths. This vulnerability is similar to, but differs from, CVE-2026-22031 because this is a different npm module with its own code. Version 4.0.3 of @fastify/express contains a patch fort the issue."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "El plugin @fastify/express añade compatibilidad completa con Express a Fastify. Existe una vulnerabilidad de seguridad en @fastify/express anterior a la versión 4.0.3 donde el middleware registrado con un prefijo de ruta específico puede ser eludido utilizando caracteres codificados en URL (p. ej., '/%61dmin' en lugar de '/admin'). Mientras que el motor de middleware no logra coincidir con la ruta codificada y omite la ejecución, el router subyacente de Fastify decodifica correctamente la ruta y coincide con el manejador de ruta, permitiendo a los atacantes acceder a puntos finales protegidos sin las restricciones del middleware. La vulnerabilidad es causada por cómo @fastify/express compara las solicitudes con las rutas de middleware registradas. Esta vulnerabilidad es similar a, pero difiere de, CVE-2026-22031 porque este es un módulo npm diferente con su propio código. La versión 4.0.3 de @fastify/express contiene un parche para el problema."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T10:19:24.147",
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com"
}