CVE-2026-22028

Estado: AnalizadaAlta (7.2)—

Preact, a lightweight web development framework, JSON serialization protection to prevent Virtual DOM elements from being constructed from arbitrary JSON. A regression introduced in Preact 10.26.5 caused this protection to be softened. In applications where values from JSON payloads are assumed to be strings and passed unmodified to Preact as children, a specially-crafted JSON payload could be constructed that would be incorrectly treated as a valid VNode.

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When this chain of failures occurs it can result in HTML injection, which can allow arbitrary script execution if not mitigated by CSP or other means. Applications using affected Preact versions are vulnerable if they meet all of the following conditions: first, pass unmodified, unsanitized values from user-modifiable data sources (APIs, databases, local storage, etc.) directly into the render tree; second assume these values are strings but the data source could return actual JavaScript objects instead of JSON strings; and third, the data source either fails to perform type sanitization AND blindly stores/returns raw objects interchangeably with strings, OR is compromised (e.g., poisoned local storage, filesystem, or database). Versions 10.26.10, 10.27.3, and 10.28.2 patch the issue. The patch versions restore the previous strict equality checks that prevent JSON-parsed objects from being treated as valid VNodes. Other mitigations are available for those who cannot immediately upgrade. Validate input types, cast or validate network data, sanitize external data, and use Content Security Policy (CSP).

CVSS

Versión: 4.0
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Puntuación base: 7.2

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

Probabilidad de explotación en los próximos 30 días: 0.27%
Percentil entre todas las CVEs puntuadas: 18
Fecha de la puntuación: 6/10/2026

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

ExplotaciónT1190 Exploit Public-Facing Applicationinitial access75 %
Impacto principalT1059.007 JavaScriptexecution80 %
Impacto secundarioT1565.001 Stored Data Manipulationimpact65 %

AV:N/PR:N indica explotación remota sin privilegios (T1190). La inyección HTML/XSS permite ejecución de JavaScript en el navegador (T1059.007) y manipulación del DOM (T1565.001) si CSP no mitiga.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Vulnerability Scanning Restrict Web-Based Content Restrict File and Directory Permissions Privileged Account Management Remote Data Storage Network Segmentation

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

Preactjs — Preact

CWE

CWE-843

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

Mostrar

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      "value": "Preact, a lightweight web development framework, JSON serialization protection to prevent Virtual DOM elements from being constructed from arbitrary JSON. A regression introduced in Preact 10.26.5 caused this protection to be softened. In applications where values from JSON payloads are assumed to be strings and passed unmodified to Preact as children, a specially-crafted JSON payload could be constructed that would be incorrectly treated as a valid VNode. When this chain of failures occurs it can result in HTML injection, which can allow arbitrary script execution if not mitigated by CSP or other means. Applications using affected Preact versions are vulnerable if they meet all of the following conditions: first, pass unmodified, unsanitized values from user-modifiable data sources (APIs, databases, local storage, etc.) directly into the render tree; second assume these values are strings but the data source could return actual JavaScript objects instead of JSON strings; and third, the data source either fails to perform type sanitization AND blindly stores/returns raw objects interchangeably with strings, OR is compromised (e.g., poisoned local storage, filesystem, or database). Versions 10.26.10, 10.27.3, and 10.28.2 patch the issue. The patch versions restore the previous strict equality checks that prevent JSON-parsed objects from being treated as valid VNodes. Other mitigations are available for those who cannot immediately upgrade. Validate input types, cast or validate network data, sanitize external data, and use Content Security Policy (CSP)."
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      "value": "Preact, un framework ligero de desarrollo web, protección de serialización JSON para evitar que los elementos del DOM Virtual se construyan a partir de JSON arbitrario. Una regresión introducida en Preact 10.26.5 hizo que esta protección se suavizara. En aplicaciones donde se asume que los valores de las cargas útiles JSON son cadenas y se pasan sin modificar a Preact como hijos, se podría construir una carga útil JSON especialmente diseñada que sería tratada incorrectamente como un VNode válido. Cuando esta cadena de fallos ocurre, puede resultar en inyección HTML, lo que puede permitir la ejecución arbitraria de scripts si no se mitiga mediante CSP u otros medios. Las aplicaciones que utilizan versiones afectadas de Preact son vulnerables si cumplen todas las siguientes condiciones: primero, pasan valores sin modificar y sin sanear de fuentes de datos modificables por el usuario (APIs, bases de datos, almacenamiento local, etc.) directamente al árbol de renderizado; segundo, asumen que estos valores son cadenas pero la fuente de datos podría devolver objetos JavaScript reales en lugar de cadenas JSON; y tercero, la fuente de datos o bien no realiza la sanitización de tipos Y almacena/devuelve ciegamente objetos sin procesar indistintamente con cadenas, O está comprometida (p. ej., almacenamiento local, sistema de archivos o base de datos envenenados). Las versiones 10.26.10, 10.27.3 y 10.28.2 aplican un parche al problema. Las versiones del parche restauran las comprobaciones de igualdad estricta anteriores que evitan que los objetos analizados por JSON sean tratados como VNodes válidos. Otras mitigaciones están disponibles para aquellos que no pueden actualizar de inmediato. Validar tipos de entrada, convertir o validar datos de red, sanear datos externos y usar la Política de Seguridad de Contenido (CSP)."
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