CVE-2025-71409
Lack of authentication for Very High Frequency Data Link messages allows rogue ground stations to inject CPDLC messages leading to unexpected or misleading clearances and potential pilot confusion. This type of attack can be carried out remotely over radio frequency.
CVSS
- Versión: 4.0
- Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:H/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
- Puntuación base: 7.1
Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)
- Probabilidad de explotación en los próximos 30 días: 0.33%
- Percentil entre todas las CVEs puntuadas: 24
- Fecha de la puntuación: 5/10/2026
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).
🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK
Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.
- Explotación
T1210Exploitation of Remote Serviceslateral movement85 % - Impacto principal
T1078Valid Accountsstealth · persistence · privilege escalation · initial access75 % - Impacto secundario
T1565.002Transmitted Data Manipulationimpact80 %
CWE-306 (falta de autenticación) en servicio remoto (CPDLC/VHF) accesible sin privilegios iniciales explícitos permite inyectar mensajes falsificados; PR:L refleja contexto aéreo. Impactos: acceso/suplantación de identidad (T1078) y manipulación de datos/órdenes críticas (T1565.002).
Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.
🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas
CWE
- CWE-306
Referencias
JSON original (NVD)
Mostrar
{
"id": "CVE-2025-71409",
"cveTags": [],
"metrics": {
"ssvcV203": [
{
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"ssvcData": {
"id": "CVE-2025-71409",
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"options": [
{
"exploitation": "none"
},
{
"automatable": "no"
},
{
"technicalImpact": "partial"
}
],
"version": "2.0.3",
"timestamp": "2026-08-10T18:02:26.524245Z"
}
}
],
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"type": "Secondary",
"source": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
"cvssData": {
"scope": "CHANGED",
"version": "3.1",
"baseScore": 7.1,
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"availabilityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE"
},
"impactScore": 4.7,
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8
}
],
"cvssMetricV40": [
{
"type": "Secondary",
"source": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
"cvssData": {
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"version": "4.0",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"baseScore": 7.1,
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:H/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
"availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED"
}
}
]
},
"affected": [
{
"source": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
"affectedData": [
{
"vendor": "ATN-B1",
"product": "CPDLC",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions",
"versionType": "custom"
}
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected"
}
]
}
],
"published": "2026-08-07T19:17:33.720",
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-219-01",
"source": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov"
}
],
"vulnStatus": "Deferred",
"weaknesses": [
{
"type": "Secondary",
"source": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-306"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Lack of authentication for Very High Frequency Data Link messages allows rogue ground stations to inject CPDLC messages leading to unexpected or misleading clearances and potential pilot confusion. This type of attack can be carried out remotely over radio frequency."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "Falta de autenticación para mensajes de Enlace de Datos de Muy Alta Frecuencia permite a estaciones terrestres maliciosas inyectar mensajes CPDLC, lo que lleva a autorizaciones inesperadas o engañosas y posible confusión del piloto. Este tipo de ataque puede llevarse a cabo de forma remota a través de radiofrecuencia."
}
],
"lastModified": "2026-09-29T11:10:00.150",
"sourceIdentifier": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov"
}