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CVE-2025-71397

Estado: AnalizadaAlta (7.1)—

SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 allows authenticated users with OWNER or EDITOR permissions (at the root, namespace, or database level) to define custom database functions via DEFINE FUNCTION using nested FOR loops. Although a single loop's iteration count is constrained, nesting multiple loops (e.g., each with 1,000,000 iterations) is not, so an attacker can execute a function that consumes all server CPU time. Configured timeouts do not stop the execution, rendering the server unresponsive to other queries and connections until it is manually restarted.

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

Vulnerabilidad remota que requiere autenticación (PR:L) activada por un usuario autenticado definiendo funciones maliciosas. El impacto es DoS por consumo de CPU mediante bucles anidados que agotan recursos del servidor.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Vulnerability ScanningThreat Intelligence ProgramPrivileged Account ManagementNetwork SegmentationFilter Network TrafficDisable or Remove Feature or Program

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

Surrealdb — Surrealdb

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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  "id": "CVE-2025-71397",
  "cveTags": [],
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          "id": "CVE-2025-71397",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
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              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
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          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2026-07-20T15:12:40.333706Z"
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          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
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          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
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          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
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          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
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          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
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          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED"
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  "affected": [
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  "references": [
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      "url": "https://github.com/surrealdb/surrealdb/security/advisories/GHSA-pxw4-94j3-v9pf",
      "tags": [
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      ],
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/surrealdb-before-cpu-exhaustion-via-nested-for-loops",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
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  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-835"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
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      "lang": "en",
      "value": "SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 allows authenticated users with OWNER or EDITOR permissions (at the root, namespace, or database level) to define custom database functions via DEFINE FUNCTION using nested FOR loops. Although a single loop's iteration count is constrained, nesting multiple loops (e.g., each with 1,000,000 iterations) is not, so an attacker can execute a function that consumes all server CPU time. Configured timeouts do not stop the execution, rendering the server unresponsive to other queries and connections until it is manually restarted."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "SurrealDB antes de 2.0.5, 2.1.x antes de 2.1.5, y 2.2.x antes de 2.2.2 permite a usuarios autenticados con permisos de PROPIETARIO o EDITOR (a nivel de raíz, espacio de nombres o base de datos) definir funciones personalizadas de base de datos a través de DEFINE FUNCTION usando bucles FOR anidados. Aunque el recuento de iteraciones de un solo bucle está restringido, el anidamiento de múltiples bucles (por ejemplo, cada uno con 1.000.000 de iteraciones) no lo está, por lo que un atacante puede ejecutar una función que consume todo el tiempo de CPU del servidor. Los tiempos de espera configurados no detienen la ejecución, dejando al servidor sin respuesta a otras consultas y conexiones hasta que se reinicia manualmente."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-09-29T19:10:00.160",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
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