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CVE-2025-68801

Estado: AplazadaAlta (7.8)—

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mlxsw: spectrum_router: Fix neighbour use-after-free

We sometimes observe use-after-free when dereferencing a neighbour [1]. The problem seems to be that the driver stores a pointer to the neighbour, but without holding a reference on it. A reference is only taken when the neighbour is used by a nexthop.

Fix by simplifying the reference counting scheme. Always take a reference when storing a neighbour pointer in a neighbour entry. Avoid taking a referencing when the neighbour is used by a nexthop as the neighbour entry associated with the nexthop already holds a reference.

Leer descripción completaMostrar menos

Tested by running the test that uncovered the problem over 300 times. Without this patch the problem was reproduced after a handful of iterations.

Detalles técnicos trazas, registros y código del informe original
[1]
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in mlxsw_sp_neigh_entry_update+0x2d4/0x310
Read of size 8 at addr ffff88817f8e3420 by task ip/3929

CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 3929 Comm: ip Not tainted 6.18.0-rc4-virtme-g36b21a067510 #3 PREEMPT(full)
Hardware name: Nvidia SN5600/VMOD0013, BIOS 5.13 05/31/2023
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x6f/0xa0
 print_address_description.constprop.0+0x6e/0x300
 print_report+0xfc/0x1fb
 kasan_report+0xe4/0x110
 mlxsw_sp_neigh_entry_update+0x2d4/0x310
 mlxsw_sp_router_rif_gone_sync+0x35f/0x510
 mlxsw_sp_rif_destroy+0x1ea/0x730
 mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_port_vlan_event+0xa1/0x1b0
 __mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_lag_event+0xcc/0x130
 __mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_event+0xf5/0x3c0
 mlxsw_sp_router_netdevice_event+0x1015/0x1580
 notifier_call_chain+0xcc/0x150
 call_netdevice_notifiers_info+0x7e/0x100
 __netdev_upper_dev_unlink+0x10b/0x210
 netdev_upper_dev_unlink+0x79/0xa0
 vrf_del_slave+0x18/0x50
 do_set_master+0x146/0x7d0
 do_setlink.isra.0+0x9a0/0x2880
 rtnl_newlink+0x637/0xb20
 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x6fe/0xb90
 netlink_rcv_skb+0x123/0x380
 netlink_unicast+0x4a3/0x770
 netlink_sendmsg+0x75b/0xc90
 __sock_sendmsg+0xbe/0x160
 ____sys_sendmsg+0x5b2/0x7d0
 ___sys_sendmsg+0xfd/0x180
 __sys_sendmsg+0x124/0x1c0
 do_syscall_64+0xbb/0xfd0
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53
[...]

Allocated by task 109:
 kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50
 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30
 __kasan_kmalloc+0x7b/0x90
 __kmalloc_noprof+0x2c1/0x790
 neigh_alloc+0x6af/0x8f0
 ___neigh_create+0x63/0xe90
 mlxsw_sp_nexthop_neigh_init+0x430/0x7e0
 mlxsw_sp_nexthop_type_init+0x212/0x960
 mlxsw_sp_nexthop6_group_info_init.constprop.0+0x81f/0x1280
 mlxsw_sp_nexthop6_group_get+0x392/0x6a0
 mlxsw_sp_fib6_entry_create+0x46a/0xfd0
 mlxsw_sp_router_fib6_replace+0x1ed/0x5f0
 mlxsw_sp_router_fib6_event_work+0x10a/0x2a0
 process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390
 worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40
 kthread+0x355/0x5b0
 ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20

Freed by task 154:
 kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50
 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30
 __kasan_save_free_info+0x3b/0x60
 __kasan_slab_free+0x43/0x70
 kmem_cache_free_bulk.part.0+0x1eb/0x5e0
 kvfree_rcu_bulk+0x1f2/0x260
 kfree_rcu_work+0x130/0x1b0
 process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390
 worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40
 kthread+0x355/0x5b0
 ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20

Last potentially related work creation:
 kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50
 kasan_record_aux_stack+0x8c/0xa0
 kvfree_call_rcu+0x93/0x5b0
 mlxsw_sp_router_neigh_event_work+0x67d/0x860
 process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390
 worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40
 kthread+0x355/0x5b0
 ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

Vulnerabilidad use-after-free en kernel Linux (AV:L/PR:L) que requiere acceso local con privilegios. La falta de referencia en puntero a neighbour causa corrupción de memoria, permitiendo lectura/escritura de datos del kernel y potencial negación de servicio.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

⚠ Inferidas por IA a partir de la descripción — NVD aún no ha analizado esta CVE; no son CPE verificados.

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

Mostrar
{
  "id": "CVE-2025-68801",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 7.8,
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de",
              "lessThan": "a2dfe6758fc63e542105bee8b17a3a7485684db0",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de",
              "lessThan": "9e0a0d9eeb0dbeba2c83fa837885b19b8b9230fc",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de",
              "lessThan": "c437fbfd4382412598cdda1f8e2881b523668cc2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de",
              "lessThan": "4a3c569005f42ab5e5b2ad637132a33bf102cc08",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de",
              "lessThan": "ed8141b206bdcfd5d0b92c90832eeb77b7a60a0a",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de",
              "lessThan": "675c5aeadf6472672c472dc0f26401e4fcfbf254",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6cf3c971dc84cb36579515ddb488919b9e9fb6de",
              "lessThan": "8b0e69763ef948fb872a7767df4be665d18f5fd4",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ],
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlxsw/spectrum_router.c"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected"
        },
        {
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.8"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "lessThan": "4.8",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.248",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.198",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.160",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.120",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.64",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.3",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*"
            }
          ],
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlxsw/spectrum_router.c"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2026-01-13T16:16:02.137",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4a3c569005f42ab5e5b2ad637132a33bf102cc08",
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/675c5aeadf6472672c472dc0f26401e4fcfbf254",
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8b0e69763ef948fb872a7767df4be665d18f5fd4",
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9e0a0d9eeb0dbeba2c83fa837885b19b8b9230fc",
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a2dfe6758fc63e542105bee8b17a3a7485684db0",
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c437fbfd4382412598cdda1f8e2881b523668cc2",
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed8141b206bdcfd5d0b92c90832eeb77b7a60a0a",
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmlxsw: spectrum_router: Fix neighbour use-after-free\n\nWe sometimes observe use-after-free when dereferencing a neighbour [1].\nThe problem seems to be that the driver stores a pointer to the\nneighbour, but without holding a reference on it. A reference is only\ntaken when the neighbour is used by a nexthop.\n\nFix by simplifying the reference counting scheme. Always take a\nreference when storing a neighbour pointer in a neighbour entry. Avoid\ntaking a referencing when the neighbour is used by a nexthop as the\nneighbour entry associated with the nexthop already holds a reference.\n\nTested by running the test that uncovered the problem over 300 times.\nWithout this patch the problem was reproduced after a handful of\niterations.\n\n[1]\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in mlxsw_sp_neigh_entry_update+0x2d4/0x310\nRead of size 8 at addr ffff88817f8e3420 by task ip/3929\n\nCPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 3929 Comm: ip Not tainted 6.18.0-rc4-virtme-g36b21a067510 #3 PREEMPT(full)\nHardware name: Nvidia SN5600/VMOD0013, BIOS 5.13 05/31/2023\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n dump_stack_lvl+0x6f/0xa0\n print_address_description.constprop.0+0x6e/0x300\n print_report+0xfc/0x1fb\n kasan_report+0xe4/0x110\n mlxsw_sp_neigh_entry_update+0x2d4/0x310\n mlxsw_sp_router_rif_gone_sync+0x35f/0x510\n mlxsw_sp_rif_destroy+0x1ea/0x730\n mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_port_vlan_event+0xa1/0x1b0\n __mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_lag_event+0xcc/0x130\n __mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_event+0xf5/0x3c0\n mlxsw_sp_router_netdevice_event+0x1015/0x1580\n notifier_call_chain+0xcc/0x150\n call_netdevice_notifiers_info+0x7e/0x100\n __netdev_upper_dev_unlink+0x10b/0x210\n netdev_upper_dev_unlink+0x79/0xa0\n vrf_del_slave+0x18/0x50\n do_set_master+0x146/0x7d0\n do_setlink.isra.0+0x9a0/0x2880\n rtnl_newlink+0x637/0xb20\n rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x6fe/0xb90\n netlink_rcv_skb+0x123/0x380\n netlink_unicast+0x4a3/0x770\n netlink_sendmsg+0x75b/0xc90\n __sock_sendmsg+0xbe/0x160\n ____sys_sendmsg+0x5b2/0x7d0\n ___sys_sendmsg+0xfd/0x180\n __sys_sendmsg+0x124/0x1c0\n do_syscall_64+0xbb/0xfd0\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53\n[...]\n\nAllocated by task 109:\n kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50\n kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30\n __kasan_kmalloc+0x7b/0x90\n __kmalloc_noprof+0x2c1/0x790\n neigh_alloc+0x6af/0x8f0\n ___neigh_create+0x63/0xe90\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop_neigh_init+0x430/0x7e0\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop_type_init+0x212/0x960\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop6_group_info_init.constprop.0+0x81f/0x1280\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop6_group_get+0x392/0x6a0\n mlxsw_sp_fib6_entry_create+0x46a/0xfd0\n mlxsw_sp_router_fib6_replace+0x1ed/0x5f0\n mlxsw_sp_router_fib6_event_work+0x10a/0x2a0\n process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390\n worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40\n kthread+0x355/0x5b0\n ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20\n\nFreed by task 154:\n kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50\n kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30\n __kasan_save_free_info+0x3b/0x60\n __kasan_slab_free+0x43/0x70\n kmem_cache_free_bulk.part.0+0x1eb/0x5e0\n kvfree_rcu_bulk+0x1f2/0x260\n kfree_rcu_work+0x130/0x1b0\n process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390\n worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40\n kthread+0x355/0x5b0\n ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20\n\nLast potentially related work creation:\n kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50\n kasan_record_aux_stack+0x8c/0xa0\n kvfree_call_rcu+0x93/0x5b0\n mlxsw_sp_router_neigh_event_work+0x67d/0x860\n process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390\n worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40\n kthread+0x355/0x5b0\n ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20"
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\nmlxsw: spectrum_router: Corrección de uso después de liberación de vecino\n\nA veces observamos uso después de liberación al desreferenciar un vecino [1].\nEl problema parece ser que el controlador almacena un puntero al vecino, pero sin mantener una referencia sobre él. Solo se toma una referencia cuando el vecino es utilizado por un nexthop.\n\nCorrección simplificando el esquema de conteo de referencias. Siempre se toma una referencia al almacenar un puntero de vecino en una entrada de vecino. Evitar tomar una referencia cuando el vecino es utilizado por un nexthop ya que la entrada de vecino asociada con el nexthop ya mantiene una referencia.\n\nProbado ejecutando la prueba que descubrió el problema más de 300 veces. Sin este parche el problema se reprodujo después de un puñado de iteraciones.\n\n[1]\nBUG: KASAN: uso después de liberación de slab en mlxsw_sp_neigh_entry_update+0x2d4/0x310\nLectura de tamaño 8 en la dirección ffff88817f8e3420 por la tarea ip/3929\n\nCPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 3929 Comm: ip Not tainted 6.18.0-rc4-virtme-g36b21a067510 #3 PREEMPT(full)\nHardware name: Nvidia SN5600/VMOD0013, BIOS 5.13 05/31/2023\nRastro de Llamada:\n \n dump_stack_lvl+0x6f/0xa0\n print_address_description.constprop.0+0x6e/0x300\n print_report+0xfc/0x1fb\n kasan_report+0xe4/0x110\n mlxsw_sp_neigh_entry_update+0x2d4/0x310\n mlxsw_sp_router_rif_gone_sync+0x35f/0x510\n mlxsw_sp_rif_destroy+0x1ea/0x730\n mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_port_vlan_event+0xa1/0x1b0\n __mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_lag_event+0xcc/0x130\n __mlxsw_sp_inetaddr_event+0xf5/0x3c0\n mlxsw_sp_router_netdevice_event+0x1015/0x1580\n notifier_call_chain+0xcc/0x150\n call_netdevice_notifiers_info+0x7e/0x100\n __netdev_upper_dev_unlink+0x10b/0x210\n netdev_upper_dev_unlink+0x79/0xa0\n vrf_del_slave+0x18/0x50\n do_set_master+0x146/0x7d0\n do_setlink.isra.0+0x9a0/0x2880\n rtnl_newlink+0x637/0xb20\n rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x6fe/0xb90\n netlink_rcv_skb+0x123/0x380\n netlink_unicast+0x4a3/0x770\n netlink_sendmsg+0x75b/0xc90\n __sock_sendmsg+0xbe/0x160\n ____sys_sendmsg+0x5b2/0x7d0\n ___sys_sendmsg+0xfd/0x180\n __sys_sendmsg+0x124/0x1c0\n do_syscall_64+0xbb/0xfd0\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53\n[...]\n\nAsignado por la tarea 109:\n kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50\n kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30\n __kasan_kmalloc+0x7b/0x90\n __kmalloc_noprof+0x2c1/0x790\n neigh_alloc+0x6af/0x8f0\n ___neigh_create+0x63/0xe90\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop_neigh_init+0x430/0x7e0\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop_type_init+0x212/0x960\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop6_group_info_init.constprop.0+0x81f/0x1280\n mlxsw_sp_nexthop6_group_get+0x392/0x6a0\n mlxsw_sp_fib6_entry_create+0x46a/0xfd0\n mlxsw_sp_router_fib6_replace+0x1ed/0x5f0\n mlxsw_sp_router_fib6_event_work+0x10a/0x2a0\n process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390\n worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40\n kthread+0x355/0x5b0\n ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20\n\nLiberado por la tarea 154:\n kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50\n kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30\n __kasan_save_free_info+0x3b/0x60\n __kasan_slab_free+0x43/0x70\n kmem_cache_free_bulk.part.0+0x1eb/0x5e0\n kvfree_rcu_bulk+0x1f2/0x260\n kfree_rcu_work+0x130/0x1b0\n process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390\n worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40\n kthread+0x355/0x5b0\n ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20\n\nÚltima creación de trabajo potencialmente relacionada:\n kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50\n kasan_record_aux_stack+0x8c/0xa0\n kvfree_call_rcu+0x93/0x5b0\n mlxsw_sp_router_neigh_event_work+0x67d/0x860\n process_one_work+0xd57/0x1390\n worker_thread+0x4d6/0xd40\n kthread+0x355/0x5b0\n ret_from_fork+0x1d4/0x270\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20"
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:24:45.897",
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
}