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CVE-2025-54887

Estado: AplazadaCrítica (9.1)—

jwe is a Ruby implementation of the RFC 7516 JSON Web Encryption (JWE) standard. In versions 1.1.0 and below, authentication tags of encrypted JWEs can be brute forced, which may result in loss of confidentiality for those JWEs and provide ways to craft arbitrary JWEs. This puts users at risk because JWEs can be modified to decrypt to an arbitrary value, decrypted by observing parsing differences and the GCM internal GHASH key can be recovered. Users are affected by this vulnerability even if they do not use an AES-GCM encryption algorithm for their JWEs. As the GHASH key may have been leaked, users must rotate the encryption keys after upgrading. This issue is fixed in version 1.1.1.

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

Vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N indica explotación remota sin autenticación (T1190). El fallo de autenticación en JWE permite comprometer confidencialidad (T1552.007: credenciales/claves) y crear JWEs arbitrarios (T1565.002: manipulación de datos).

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Privileged Account ManagementNetwork SegmentationLimit Access to Resource Over NetworkVulnerability ScanningUser Account ManagementFilter Network Traffic

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

⚠ Inferidas por IA a partir de la descripción — NVD aún no ha analizado esta CVE; no son CPE verificados.

JWE — JWEAI

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

Mostrar
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  "id": "CVE-2025-54887",
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          "options": [
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          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
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          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
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  "published": "2025-08-08T01:15:25.287",
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      "value": "jwe is a Ruby implementation of the RFC 7516 JSON Web Encryption (JWE) standard. In versions 1.1.0 and below, authentication tags of encrypted JWEs can be brute forced, which may result in loss of confidentiality for those JWEs and provide ways to craft arbitrary JWEs. This puts users at risk because JWEs can be modified to decrypt to an arbitrary value, decrypted by observing parsing differences and the GCM internal GHASH key can be recovered. Users are affected by this vulnerability even if they do not use an AES-GCM encryption algorithm for their JWEs. As the GHASH key may have been leaked, users must rotate the encryption keys after upgrading. This issue is fixed in version 1.1.1."
    },
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      "lang": "es",
      "value": "jwe es una implementación en Ruby del estándar RFC 7516 JSON Web Encryption (JWE). En las versiones 1.1.0 y anteriores, las etiquetas de autenticación de los JWE cifrados pueden ser atacadas por fuerza bruta, lo que puede resultar en la pérdida de confidencialidad de dichos JWE y permitir la manipulación de JWE arbitrarios. Esto pone en riesgo a los usuarios, ya que los JWE pueden modificarse para descifrarse a un valor arbitrario, descifrarse observando las diferencias de análisis y recuperar la clave GHASH interna de GCM. Los usuarios se ven afectados por esta vulnerabilidad incluso si no utilizan un algoritmo de cifrado AES-GCM para sus JWE. Dado que la clave GHASH puede haberse filtrado, los usuarios deben rotar las claves de cifrado después de actualizar. Este problema se solucionó en la versión 1.1.1."
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  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T09:40:52.227",
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