« Volver al listado

CVE-2025-54878

Estado: AnalizadaAlta (8.6)—

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. A heap buffer overflow vulnerability exists in NASA CryptoLib version 1.4.0 and prior in the IV setup logic for telecommand frames. The problem arises from missing bounds checks when copying the Initialization Vector (IV) into a freshly allocated buffer.

Leer descripción completaMostrar menos

An attacker can supply a crafted TC frame that causes the library to write one byte past the end of the heap buffer, leading to heap corruption and undefined behaviour. An attacker supplying a malformed telecommand frame can corrupt heap memory. This leads to undefined behaviour, which could manifest itself as a crash (denial of service) or more severe exploitation. This issue has been patched in version 1.4.0.

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

Desbordamiento de buffer en heap accesible vía telecommand frames de red sin autenticación (AV:N/PR:N). DoS por corrupción de memoria garantizado; ejecución de código potencial pero no explícita.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Privileged Account ManagementFilter Network TrafficVulnerability ScanningRestrict Web-Based ContentNetwork SegmentationLimit Software Installation

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

Nasa — Cryptolib

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

Mostrar
{
  "id": "CVE-2025-54878",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-54878",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2025-08-11T20:55:37.431219Z"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 8.6,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "LOW",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW"
        },
        "impactScore": 4.7,
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "nasa",
          "product": "CryptoLib",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "< 1.4.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2025-08-11T21:15:28.447",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/commit/9b5b294ec09da450d2d4d05aea2db604ead48be1",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/security/advisories/GHSA-9qph-pxfm-q9g4",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-122"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. A heap buffer overflow vulnerability exists in NASA CryptoLib version 1.4.0 and prior in the IV setup logic for telecommand frames. The problem arises from missing bounds checks when copying the Initialization Vector (IV) into a freshly allocated buffer. An attacker can supply a crafted TC frame that causes the library to write one byte past the end of the heap buffer, leading to heap corruption and undefined behaviour. An attacker supplying a malformed telecommand frame can corrupt heap memory. This leads to undefined behaviour, which could manifest itself as a crash (denial of service) or more severe exploitation. This issue has been patched in version 1.4.0."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "CryptoLib ofrece una solución exclusivamente de software que utiliza CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) para proteger las comunicaciones entre una nave espacial que ejecuta el Sistema de Vuelo (cFS) y una estación terrestre. Existe una vulnerabilidad de desbordamiento del búfer de pila en la versión 1.4.0 y anteriores de NASA CryptoLib en la lógica de configuración del IV para tramas de telecomando. El problema surge de la omisión de comprobaciones de los límites al copiar el Vector de Inicialización (IV) en un búfer recién asignado. Un atacante puede proporcionar una trama de TC manipulada que provoque que la librería escriba un byte más allá del final del búfer de pila, lo que provoca corrupción de pila y un comportamiento indefinido. Un atacante que proporcione una trama de telecomando mal formada puede corromper la memoria de pila. Esto provoca un comportamiento indefinido, que podría manifestarse como un bloqueo (denegación de servicio) o una explotación más grave. Este problema se ha corregido en la versión 1.4.0."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T09:40:51.203",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:nasa:cryptolib:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "vulnerable": true,
              "matchCriteriaId": "FE7A3B89-044F-4737-8EC3-0FEBEA402F15",
              "versionEndExcluding": "1.4.1"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com"
}