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CVE-2025-51060

Status: ModifiedMedium (6.5)—

An issue was discovered in CPUID cpuz.sys 1.0.5.4. An attacker can use DeviceIoControl with the unvalidated parameters 0x9C402440 and 0x9C402444 as IoControlCodes to perform RDMSR and WRMSR, respectively. Through this process, the attacker can modify MSR_LSTAR and hook KiSystemCall64. Afterward, using Return-Oriented Programming (ROP), the attacker can manipulate the stack with pre-prepared gadgets, disable the SMAP flag in the CR4 register, and execute a user-mode syscall handler in the kernel context. It has not been confirmed whether this works on 32-bit Windows, but it functions on 64-bit Windows if the core isolation feature is either absent or disabled.

CVSS

Exploitation probability (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, FIRST) estimates how likely a vulnerability is to be exploited in the wild within 30 days. It complements CVSS (impact) and CISA KEV (confirmed exploitation).

Affected technologies (1)

Cpuid — Cpuz.sys

CWEs

References

Raw JSON (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2025-51060",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-51060",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2025-08-05T20:04:46.316811Z"
        }
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    "cvssMetricV31": [
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        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "cvssData": {
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          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 6.5,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
          "integrityImpact": "LOW",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW"
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          "versions": [
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  "published": "2025-08-05T18:15:32.220",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/ZiaLib/Zmsr",
      "tags": [
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  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
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      "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
      "description": [
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          "value": "CWE-284"
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    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "An issue was discovered in CPUID cpuz.sys 1.0.5.4. An attacker can use DeviceIoControl with the unvalidated parameters 0x9C402440 and 0x9C402444 as IoControlCodes to perform RDMSR and WRMSR, respectively. Through this process, the attacker can modify MSR_LSTAR and hook KiSystemCall64. Afterward, using Return-Oriented Programming (ROP), the attacker can manipulate the stack with pre-prepared gadgets, disable the SMAP flag in the CR4 register, and execute a user-mode syscall handler in the kernel context. It has not been confirmed whether this works on 32-bit Windows, but it functions on 64-bit Windows if the core isolation feature is either absent or disabled."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Se descubrió un problema en CPUID cpuz.sys 1.0.5.4. Un atacante puede usar DeviceIoControl con los parámetros no validados 0x9C402440 y 0x9C402444 como IoControlCodes para ejecutar RDMSR y WRMSR, respectivamente. Mediante este proceso, el atacante puede modificar MSR_LSTAR y enlazar KiSystemCall64. Posteriormente, mediante Programación Orientada al Retorno (ROP), el atacante puede manipular la pila con gadgets preconfigurados, deshabilitar el indicador SMAP en el registro CR4 y ejecutar un controlador de llamadas al sistema en modo usuario en el contexto del kernel. No se ha confirmado si esto funciona en Windows de 32 bits, pero sí en Windows de 64 bits si la función de aislamiento del núcleo está ausente o deshabilitada."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-07-05T16:19:40.510",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
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              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:cpuid:cpuz.sys:1.0.5.4:*:*:*:*:windows:*:*",
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          "operator": "OR"
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  "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org"
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