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CVE-2025-47917

Estado: ModificadaCrítica (9.8)—

Mbed TLS before 3.6.4 allows a use-after-free in certain situations of applications that are developed in accordance with the documentation. The function mbedtls_x509_string_to_names() takes a head argument that is documented as an output argument. The documentation does not suggest that the function will free that pointer; however, the function does call mbedtls_asn1_free_named_data_list() on that argument, which performs a deep free().

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As a result, application code that uses this function (relying only on documented behavior) is likely to still hold pointers to the memory blocks that were freed, resulting in a high risk of use-after-free or double-free. In particular, the two sample programs x509/cert_write and x509/cert_req are affected (use-after-free if the san string contains more than one DN).

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

Vulnerabilidad de use-after-free (CWE-416) en librería remota accesible sin autenticación (AV:N/PR:N). Aunque requiere aplicación vulnerable, el vector CVSS crítico y acceso red sin privilegios sugieren T1190. El impacto potencial es ejecución de código arbitrario (T1059) tras corrupción de memoria.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Privileged Account ManagementVulnerability ScanningRestrict Web-Based ContentNetwork SegmentationLimit Software InstallationLimit Access to Resource Over Network

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

ARM — Mbed TLS

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2025-47917",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-47917",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2025-07-22T14:22:32.212909Z"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "cve@mitre.org",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 8.9,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW"
        },
        "impactScore": 6,
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.2
      },
      {
        "type": "Primary",
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
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          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
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        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9
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  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "Mbed",
          "product": "mbedtls",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "lessThan": "3.6.4",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected"
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      ]
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  ],
  "published": "2025-07-20T19:15:23.847",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/Mbed-TLS/mbedtls-docs/blob/main/security-advisories/mbedtls-security-advisory-2025-06-7.md",
      "tags": [
        "Mitigation",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://mbed-tls.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tech-updates/security-advisories/",
      "tags": [
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00013.html",
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00025.html",
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-416"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Mbed TLS before 3.6.4 allows a use-after-free in certain situations of applications that are developed in accordance with the documentation. The function mbedtls_x509_string_to_names() takes a head argument that is documented as an output argument. The documentation does not suggest that the function will free that pointer; however, the function does call mbedtls_asn1_free_named_data_list() on that argument, which performs a deep free(). As a result, application code that uses this function (relying only on documented behavior) is likely to still hold pointers to the memory blocks that were freed, resulting in a high risk of use-after-free or double-free. In particular, the two sample programs x509/cert_write and x509/cert_req are affected (use-after-free if the san string contains more than one DN)."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Mbed TLS anterior a la versión 3.6.4 permite el use-after-free en ciertas situaciones de aplicaciones desarrolladas de acuerdo con la documentación. La función mbedtls_x509_string_to_names() toma un argumento principal documentado como argumento de salida. La documentación no sugiere que la función libere dicho puntero; sin embargo, la función llama a mbedtls_asn1_free_named_data_list() con dicho argumento, lo que realiza una liberación profunda. Como resultado, es probable que el código de la aplicación que utiliza esta función (basándose únicamente en el comportamiento documentado) aún contenga punteros a los bloques de memoria liberados, lo que resulta en un alto riesgo de use-after-free o doble liberación. En particular, los dos programas de ejemplo x509/cert_write y x509/cert_req se ven afectados (use-after-free si la cadena san contiene más de un DN)."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T09:28:50.790",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
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              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:arm:mbed_tls:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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          "operator": "OR"
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  "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org"
}