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CVE-2025-43919

Status: ModifiedHigh (7.5)—

GNU Mailman 2.1.39, as bundled in cPanel (and WHM), allows unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files via ../ directory traversal at /mailman/private/mailman (aka the private archive authentication endpoint) via the username parameter. NOTE: multiple third parties report that they are unable to reproduce this, regardless of whether cPanel or WHM is used.

CVSS

Exploitation probability (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, FIRST) estimates how likely a vulnerability is to be exploited in the wild within 30 days. It complements CVSS (impact) and CISA KEV (confirmed exploitation).

🎯 ATT&CK techniques

How this vulnerability is exploited and what the attacker gains, in MITRE ATT&CK terms.

AV:N/PR:N/UI:N indica explotación remota sin autenticación (T1190). CWE-22 (path traversal) permite lectura no autorizada de archivos arbitrarios (T1005).

Inferred by our analysis agent from the official description, CVSS vector and CWE, and checked by a supervisor. May contain errors.

🛡️ ATT&CK mitigations that cover these techniques

Vulnerability ScanningPrivileged Account ManagementNetwork SegmentationLimit Access to Resource Over NetworkFilter Network TrafficApplication Isolation and Sandboxing

Affected technologies (1)

GNU — Mailman

CWEs

References

Raw JSON (NVD)

Show
{
  "id": "CVE-2025-43919",
  "cveTags": [
    {
      "tags": [
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      "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org"
    }
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  "metrics": {
    "ssvcV203": [
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        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-43919",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
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              "technicalImpact": "partial"
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          ],
          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2025-04-21T14:39:17.371589Z"
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    "cvssMetricV31": [
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          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW"
        },
        "impactScore": 1.4,
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9
      },
      {
        "type": "Primary",
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "cvssData": {
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  "published": "2025-04-20T01:15:45.233",
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      "url": "https://code.launchpad.net/~mailman-coders/mailman/2.1",
      "tags": [
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      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/cpanel/mailman2-python3",
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
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    {
      "url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/21/6",
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
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  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
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      "description": [
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          "value": "CWE-24"
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      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "description": [
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          "value": "CWE-22"
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  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "GNU Mailman 2.1.39, as bundled in cPanel (and WHM), allows unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files via ../ directory traversal at /mailman/private/mailman (aka the private archive authentication endpoint) via the username parameter. NOTE: multiple third parties report that they are unable to reproduce this, regardless of whether cPanel or WHM is used."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "GNU Mailman 2.1.39, tal como se incluye en cPanel (y WHM), permite a atacantes no autenticados leer archivos arbitrarios a través de directory traversal ../ en /mailman/private/mailman (también conocido como el endpoint de autenticación de archivo privado) mediante el parámetro de nombre de usuario."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T09:24:44.550",
  "configurations": [
    {
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        {
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          "operator": "OR"
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  "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org"
}