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CVE-2025-40270

Estado: AplazadaAlta (7.8)—

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mm, swap: fix potential UAF issue for VMA readahead

Since commit 78524b05f1a3 ("mm, swap: avoid redundant swap device pinning"), the common helper for allocating and preparing a folio in the swap cache layer no longer tries to get a swap device reference internally, because all callers of __read_swap_cache_async are already holding a swap entry reference. The repeated swap device pinning isn't needed on the same swap device.

Caller of VMA readahead is also holding a reference to the target entry's swap device, but VMA readahead walks the page table, so it might encounter swap entries from other devices, and call __read_swap_cache_async on another device without holding a reference to it.

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So it is possible to cause a UAF when swapoff of device A raced with swapin on device B, and VMA readahead tries to read swap entries from device A. It's not easy to trigger, but in theory, it could cause real issues.

Make VMA readahead try to get the device reference first if the swap device is a different one from the target entry.

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

AV:L/PR:L sin UI indica escalada local. UAF en kernel permite DoS o lectura de memoria; acceso local con privilegios de usuario.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Threat Intelligence ProgramFilter Network TrafficExecution PreventionApplication Isolation and SandboxingExploit ProtectionUpdate Software

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

⚠ Inferidas por IA a partir de la descripción — NVD aún no ha analizado esta CVE; no son CPE verificados.

Linux — Linux KernelAI

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2025-40270",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 7.8,
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "78524b05f1a3e16a5d00cc9c6259c41a9d6003ce",
              "lessThan": "a4145be7b56bfa87dce56415c3ad993071462b8a",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "78524b05f1a3e16a5d00cc9c6259c41a9d6003ce",
              "lessThan": "1c2a936edd71e133f2806e68324ec81a4eb07588",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ],
          "programFiles": [
            "mm/swap_state.c"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected"
        },
        {
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.15"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "lessThan": "6.15",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17.9",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*"
            }
          ],
          "programFiles": [
            "mm/swap_state.c"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2025-12-06T22:15:54.610",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c2a936edd71e133f2806e68324ec81a4eb07588",
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a4145be7b56bfa87dce56415c3ad993071462b8a",
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmm, swap: fix potential UAF issue for VMA readahead\n\nSince commit 78524b05f1a3 (\"mm, swap: avoid redundant swap device\npinning\"), the common helper for allocating and preparing a folio in the\nswap cache layer no longer tries to get a swap device reference\ninternally, because all callers of __read_swap_cache_async are already\nholding a swap entry reference.  The repeated swap device pinning isn't\nneeded on the same swap device.\n\nCaller of VMA readahead is also holding a reference to the target entry's\nswap device, but VMA readahead walks the page table, so it might encounter\nswap entries from other devices, and call __read_swap_cache_async on\nanother device without holding a reference to it.\n\nSo it is possible to cause a UAF when swapoff of device A raced with\nswapin on device B, and VMA readahead tries to read swap entries from\ndevice A.  It's not easy to trigger, but in theory, it could cause real\nissues.\n\nMake VMA readahead try to get the device reference first if the swap\ndevice is a different one from the target entry."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:24:24.607",
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
}