CVE-2025-40079

Estado: AplazadaAlta (7.8)—

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

riscv, bpf: Sign extend struct ops return values properly

The ns_bpf_qdisc selftest triggers a kernel panic:

The bpf_fifo_dequeue prog returns a skb which is a pointer. The pointer is treated as a 32bit value and sign extend to 64bit in epilogue. This behavior is right for most bpf prog types but wrong for struct ops which requires RISC-V ABI.

So let's sign extend struct ops return values according to the function model and RISC-V ABI([0]).

Detalles técnicos trazas, registros y código del informe original

    Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ffffffffa38dbf58
    Current test_progs pgtable: 4K pagesize, 57-bit VAs, pgdp=0x00000001109cc000
    [ffffffffa38dbf58] pgd=000000011fffd801, p4d=000000011fffd401, pud=000000011fffd001, pmd=0000000000000000
    Oops [#1]
    Modules linked in: bpf_testmod(OE) xt_conntrack nls_iso8859_1 [...] [last unloaded: bpf_testmod(OE)]
    CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 23584 Comm: test_progs Tainted: G        W  OE       6.17.0-rc1-g2465bb83e0b4 #1 NONE
    Tainted: [W]=WARN, [O]=OOT_MODULE, [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE
    Hardware name: Unknown Unknown Product/Unknown Product, BIOS 2024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu5.1 01/01/2024
    epc : __qdisc_run+0x82/0x6f0
     ra : __qdisc_run+0x6e/0x6f0
    epc : ffffffff80bd5c7a ra : ffffffff80bd5c66 sp : ff2000000eecb550
     gp : ffffffff82472098 tp : ff60000096895940 t0 : ffffffff8001f180
     t1 : ffffffff801e1664 t2 : 0000000000000000 s0 : ff2000000eecb5d0
     s1 : ff60000093a6a600 a0 : ffffffffa38dbee8 a1 : 0000000000000001
     a2 : ff2000000eecb510 a3 : 0000000000000001 a4 : 0000000000000000
     a5 : 0000000000000010 a6 : 0000000000000000 a7 : 0000000000735049
     s2 : ffffffffa38dbee8 s3 : 0000000000000040 s4 : ff6000008bcda000
     s5 : 0000000000000008 s6 : ff60000093a6a680 s7 : ff60000093a6a6f0
     s8 : ff60000093a6a6ac s9 : ff60000093140000 s10: 0000000000000000
     s11: ff2000000eecb9d0 t3 : 0000000000000000 t4 : 0000000000ff0000
     t5 : 0000000000000000 t6 : ff60000093a6a8b6
    status: 0000000200000120 badaddr: ffffffffa38dbf58 cause: 000000000000000d
    [<ffffffff80bd5c7a>] __qdisc_run+0x82/0x6f0
    [<ffffffff80b6fe58>] __dev_queue_xmit+0x4c0/0x1128
    [<ffffffff80b80ae0>] neigh_resolve_output+0xd0/0x170
    [<ffffffff80d2daf6>] ip6_finish_output2+0x226/0x6c8
    [<ffffffff80d31254>] ip6_finish_output+0x10c/0x2a0
    [<ffffffff80d31446>] ip6_output+0x5e/0x178
    [<ffffffff80d2e232>] ip6_xmit+0x29a/0x608
    [<ffffffff80d6f4c6>] inet6_csk_xmit+0xe6/0x140
    [<ffffffff80c985e4>] __tcp_transmit_skb+0x45c/0xaa8
    [<ffffffff80c995fe>] tcp_connect+0x9ce/0xd10
    [<ffffffff80d66524>] tcp_v6_connect+0x4ac/0x5e8
    [<ffffffff80cc19b8>] __inet_stream_connect+0xd8/0x318
    [<ffffffff80cc1c36>] inet_stream_connect+0x3e/0x68
    [<ffffffff80b42b20>] __sys_connect_file+0x50/0x88
    [<ffffffff80b42bee>] __sys_connect+0x96/0xc8
    [<ffffffff80b42c40>] __riscv_sys_connect+0x20/0x30
    [<ffffffff80e5bcae>] do_trap_ecall_u+0x256/0x378
    [<ffffffff80e69af2>] handle_exception+0x14a/0x156
    Code: 892a 0363 1205 489c 8bc1 c7e5 2d03 084a 2703 080a (2783) 0709
    ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---

  [0]: https://riscv.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/riscv-calling.pdf

CVSS

Versión: 3.1
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Puntuación base: 7.8

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

Probabilidad de explotación en los próximos 30 días: 0.15%
Percentil entre todas las CVEs puntuadas: 4
Fecha de la puntuación: 5/10/2026

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

ExplotaciónT1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalationprivilege escalation75 %
Impacto principalT1499.004 Application or System Exploitationimpact60 %
Impacto secundarioT1498.002 Reflection Amplificationimpact45 %

Escalada de privilegios local sin interacción (AV:L, PR:L, UI:N) en kernel BPF/eBPF. El pánico del kernel y el acceso a memoria inválida provocan DoS, explotable por usuario local.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Filter Network Traffic Threat Intelligence Program Execution Prevention Application Isolation and Sandboxing Exploit Protection Update Software

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

⚠ Inferidas por IA a partir de la descripción — NVD aún no ha analizado esta CVE; no son CPE verificados.

Linux — Linux Kernel^AI

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

Mostrar

{
  "id": "CVE-2025-40079",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 7.8,
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "25ad10658dc1068a671553ff10e19a812c2a3783",
              "lessThan": "92751937f12a7d34ad492577a251c94a55e97e72",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "25ad10658dc1068a671553ff10e19a812c2a3783",
              "lessThan": "918a399501e28e0cc36dbd1fcfb4208f8aa1e4d1",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "25ad10658dc1068a671553ff10e19a812c2a3783",
              "lessThan": "fd2e08128944a7679e753f920e9eda72057e427c",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ],
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/riscv/net/bpf_jit_comp64.c"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected"
        },
        {
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.6"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "lessThan": "6.6",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.53",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17.3",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*"
            }
          ],
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/riscv/net/bpf_jit_comp64.c"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2025-10-28T12:15:42.480",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/918a399501e28e0cc36dbd1fcfb4208f8aa1e4d1",
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/92751937f12a7d34ad492577a251c94a55e97e72",
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd2e08128944a7679e753f920e9eda72057e427c",
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nriscv, bpf: Sign extend struct ops return values properly\n\nThe ns_bpf_qdisc selftest triggers a kernel panic:\n\n    Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ffffffffa38dbf58\n    Current test_progs pgtable: 4K pagesize, 57-bit VAs, pgdp=0x00000001109cc000\n    [ffffffffa38dbf58] pgd=000000011fffd801, p4d=000000011fffd401, pud=000000011fffd001, pmd=0000000000000000\n    Oops [#1]\n    Modules linked in: bpf_testmod(OE) xt_conntrack nls_iso8859_1 [...] [last unloaded: bpf_testmod(OE)]\n    CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 23584 Comm: test_progs Tainted: G        W  OE       6.17.0-rc1-g2465bb83e0b4 #1 NONE\n    Tainted: [W]=WARN, [O]=OOT_MODULE, [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE\n    Hardware name: Unknown Unknown Product/Unknown Product, BIOS 2024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu5.1 01/01/2024\n    epc : __qdisc_run+0x82/0x6f0\n     ra : __qdisc_run+0x6e/0x6f0\n    epc : ffffffff80bd5c7a ra : ffffffff80bd5c66 sp : ff2000000eecb550\n     gp : ffffffff82472098 tp : ff60000096895940 t0 : ffffffff8001f180\n     t1 : ffffffff801e1664 t2 : 0000000000000000 s0 : ff2000000eecb5d0\n     s1 : ff60000093a6a600 a0 : ffffffffa38dbee8 a1 : 0000000000000001\n     a2 : ff2000000eecb510 a3 : 0000000000000001 a4 : 0000000000000000\n     a5 : 0000000000000010 a6 : 0000000000000000 a7 : 0000000000735049\n     s2 : ffffffffa38dbee8 s3 : 0000000000000040 s4 : ff6000008bcda000\n     s5 : 0000000000000008 s6 : ff60000093a6a680 s7 : ff60000093a6a6f0\n     s8 : ff60000093a6a6ac s9 : ff60000093140000 s10: 0000000000000000\n     s11: ff2000000eecb9d0 t3 : 0000000000000000 t4 : 0000000000ff0000\n     t5 : 0000000000000000 t6 : ff60000093a6a8b6\n    status: 0000000200000120 badaddr: ffffffffa38dbf58 cause: 000000000000000d\n    [<ffffffff80bd5c7a>] __qdisc_run+0x82/0x6f0\n    [<ffffffff80b6fe58>] __dev_queue_xmit+0x4c0/0x1128\n    [<ffffffff80b80ae0>] neigh_resolve_output+0xd0/0x170\n    [<ffffffff80d2daf6>] ip6_finish_output2+0x226/0x6c8\n    [<ffffffff80d31254>] ip6_finish_output+0x10c/0x2a0\n    [<ffffffff80d31446>] ip6_output+0x5e/0x178\n    [<ffffffff80d2e232>] ip6_xmit+0x29a/0x608\n    [<ffffffff80d6f4c6>] inet6_csk_xmit+0xe6/0x140\n    [<ffffffff80c985e4>] __tcp_transmit_skb+0x45c/0xaa8\n    [<ffffffff80c995fe>] tcp_connect+0x9ce/0xd10\n    [<ffffffff80d66524>] tcp_v6_connect+0x4ac/0x5e8\n    [<ffffffff80cc19b8>] __inet_stream_connect+0xd8/0x318\n    [<ffffffff80cc1c36>] inet_stream_connect+0x3e/0x68\n    [<ffffffff80b42b20>] __sys_connect_file+0x50/0x88\n    [<ffffffff80b42bee>] __sys_connect+0x96/0xc8\n    [<ffffffff80b42c40>] __riscv_sys_connect+0x20/0x30\n    [<ffffffff80e5bcae>] do_trap_ecall_u+0x256/0x378\n    [<ffffffff80e69af2>] handle_exception+0x14a/0x156\n    Code: 892a 0363 1205 489c 8bc1 c7e5 2d03 084a 2703 080a (2783) 0709\n    ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nThe bpf_fifo_dequeue prog returns a skb which is a pointer. The pointer\nis treated as a 32bit value and sign extend to 64bit in epilogue. This\nbehavior is right for most bpf prog types but wrong for struct ops which\nrequires RISC-V ABI.\n\nSo let's sign extend struct ops return values according to the function\nmodel and RISC-V ABI([0]).\n\n  [0]: https://riscv.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/riscv-calling.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:24:09.970",
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
}