CVE-2025-37997
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
netfilter: ipset: fix region locking in hash types
Region locking introduced in v5.6-rc4 contained three macros to handle the region locks: ahash_bucket_start(), ahash_bucket_end() which gave back the start and end hash bucket values belonging to a given region lock and ahash_region() which should give back the region lock belonging to a given hash bucket. The latter was incorrect which can lead to a race condition between the garbage collector and adding new elements when a hash type of set is defined with timeouts.
CVSS
- Version: 3.1
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
- Base score: 5.5
Exploitation probability (EPSS)
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.17%
- Percentile among all scored CVEs: 6
- Score date: 10/5/2026
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, FIRST) estimates how likely a vulnerability is to be exploited in the wild within 30 days. It complements CVSS (impact) and CISA KEV (confirmed exploitation).
Affected technologies (2)
CWEs
- CWE-667
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/00cfc5fad1491796942a948808afb968a0a3f35b
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/226ce0ec38316d9e3739e73a64b6b8304646c658
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6e002ecc1c8cfdfc866b9104ab7888da54613e59
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/82c1eb32693bc48251d92532975e19160987e5b9
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8478a729c0462273188263136880480729e9efca
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a3dfec485401943e315c394c29afe2db8f9481d6
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aa77294b0f73bb8265987591460cd25b8722c3df
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2ab67672b2288521a6146034a971f9a82ffc5c5
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00010.html
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html
Raw JSON (NVD)
Show
{
"id": "CVE-2025-37997",
"cveTags": [],
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"type": "Secondary",
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"cvssData": {
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"version": "3.1",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
},
"impactScore": 5.9,
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8
},
{
"type": "Primary",
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"cvssData": {
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"version": "3.1",
"baseScore": 5.5,
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE"
},
"impactScore": 3.6,
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8
}
]
},
"affected": [
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"affectedData": [
{
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"product": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "5dd9488ae41070b69d2f4acb580f77db5705f9ca",
"lessThan": "00cfc5fad1491796942a948808afb968a0a3f35b",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "f66ee0410b1c3481ee75e5db9b34547b4d582465",
"lessThan": "226ce0ec38316d9e3739e73a64b6b8304646c658",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "f66ee0410b1c3481ee75e5db9b34547b4d582465",
"lessThan": "82c1eb32693bc48251d92532975e19160987e5b9",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "f66ee0410b1c3481ee75e5db9b34547b4d582465",
"lessThan": "aa77294b0f73bb8265987591460cd25b8722c3df",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "f66ee0410b1c3481ee75e5db9b34547b4d582465",
"lessThan": "a3dfec485401943e315c394c29afe2db8f9481d6",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "f66ee0410b1c3481ee75e5db9b34547b4d582465",
"lessThan": "e2ab67672b2288521a6146034a971f9a82ffc5c5",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "f66ee0410b1c3481ee75e5db9b34547b4d582465",
"lessThan": "6e002ecc1c8cfdfc866b9104ab7888da54613e59",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "f66ee0410b1c3481ee75e5db9b34547b4d582465",
"lessThan": "8478a729c0462273188263136880480729e9efca",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "a469bab3386aebff33c59506f3a95e35b91118fd",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.4.24",
"lessThan": "5.4.294",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.5.8",
"lessThan": "5.6",
"versionType": "semver"
}
],
"programFiles": [
"net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_hash_gen.h"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected"
},
{
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"product": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.6"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"lessThan": "5.6",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.4.294",
"versionType": "semver",
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.10.238",
"versionType": "semver",
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.15.183",
"versionType": "semver",
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.139",
"versionType": "semver",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.91",
"versionType": "semver",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.29",
"versionType": "semver",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.14.7",
"versionType": "semver",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.15",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix",
"lessThanOrEqual": "*"
}
],
"programFiles": [
"net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_hash_gen.h"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected"
}
]
}
],
"published": "2025-05-29T14:15:36.317",
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/00cfc5fad1491796942a948808afb968a0a3f35b",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/226ce0ec38316d9e3739e73a64b6b8304646c658",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6e002ecc1c8cfdfc866b9104ab7888da54613e59",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/82c1eb32693bc48251d92532975e19160987e5b9",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8478a729c0462273188263136880480729e9efca",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a3dfec485401943e315c394c29afe2db8f9481d6",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aa77294b0f73bb8265987591460cd25b8722c3df",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2ab67672b2288521a6146034a971f9a82ffc5c5",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
},
{
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00010.html",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
},
{
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
}
],
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": [
{
"type": "Primary",
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-667"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: ipset: fix region locking in hash types\n\nRegion locking introduced in v5.6-rc4 contained three macros to handle\nthe region locks: ahash_bucket_start(), ahash_bucket_end() which gave\nback the start and end hash bucket values belonging to a given region\nlock and ahash_region() which should give back the region lock belonging\nto a given hash bucket. The latter was incorrect which can lead to a\nrace condition between the garbage collector and adding new elements\nwhen a hash type of set is defined with timeouts."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: netfilter: ipset: corrección del bloqueo de región en tipos hash. El bloqueo de región introducido en la versión v5.6-rc4 contenía tres macros para gestionar los bloqueos de región: ahash_bucket_start(), ahash_bucket_end(), que devolvía los valores de inicio y fin del depósito hash correspondientes a un bloqueo de región determinado, y ahash_region(), que debería devolver el bloqueo de región correspondiente a un depósito hash determinado. Esta última era incorrecta, lo que puede generar una condición de ejecución entre el recolector de elementos no utilizados y la adición de nuevos elementos cuando se define un tipo hash de conjunto con tiempos de espera."
}
],
"lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:22:43.087",
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"negate": false,
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "FB89D6F8-FCFA-4003-8BAF-21EAA9437EEC",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.4.294",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.4.24"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "E3C9E794-4183-4A8B-8E8E-FBBD9B334429",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.6",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.5.8"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "C0C9C873-9D1C-4943-9A1F-755B15F4C242",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.10.238",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.6.1"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "94D91ED4-346E-41EE-ACF5-F184C0A863D5",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.15.183",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.11"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "70A2F216-574B-4B80-86BC-988928D5B83D",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.139",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.16"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "B6826C73-C5C9-430D-84C9-4045DFD72074",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.91",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.2"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "7215ABCF-8EB1-46CD-8872-8BCE4890E579",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.29",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.7"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "5715A6F5-A34A-4B27-8A64-82825E963995",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.14.7",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.13"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.6:-:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "A92F7A0E-C302-4FEA-9EF3-1A3D5CF3AD54"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.6:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "DC0C894E-6323-44E5-89DD-8FB6A5C41CAF"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.6:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "4C76EAC9-C2E6-4B6F-B002-ADBE74DDD794"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.6:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "F13B8FBF-E007-4F60-A290-2833B45F8520"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.6:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "CD0276C4-2C60-4C52-AC89-F96DF991B858"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "8D465631-2980-487A-8E65-40AE2B9F8ED1"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "4C9D071F-B28E-46EC-AC61-22B913390211"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "13FC0DDE-E513-465E-9E81-515702D49B74"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "8C7B5B0E-4EEB-48F5-B4CF-0935A7633845"
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "2D240580-3048-49B2-9E27-F115A9DF8224"
}
],
"operator": "OR"
}
]
},
{
"nodes": [
{
"negate": false,
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true,
"matchCriteriaId": "FA6FEEC2-9F11-4643-8827-749718254FED"
}
],
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
}