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CVE-2025-31115

Status: DeferredHigh (8.7)—

XZ Utils provide a general-purpose data-compression library plus command-line tools. In XZ Utils 5.3.3alpha to 5.8.0, the multithreaded .xz decoder in liblzma has a bug where invalid input can at least result in a crash. The effects include heap use after free and writing to an address based on the null pointer plus an offset. Applications and libraries that use the lzma_stream_decoder_mt function are affected. The bug has been fixed in XZ Utils 5.8.1, and the fix has been committed to the v5.4, v5.6, v5.8, and master branches in the xz Git repository. No new release packages will be made from the old stable branches, but a standalone patch is available that applies to all affected releases.

CVSS

Exploitation probability (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, FIRST) estimates how likely a vulnerability is to be exploited in the wild within 30 days. It complements CVSS (impact) and CISA KEV (confirmed exploitation).

🎯 ATT&CK techniques

How this vulnerability is exploited and what the attacker gains, in MITRE ATT&CK terms.

Vector CVSS AV:N/PR:N permite explotación remota sin privilegios (T1190). El crash por entrada inválida y heap use-after-free permiten DoS y potencial escalada de privilegios en aplicaciones que usen lzma_stream_decoder_mt.

Inferred by our analysis agent from the official description, CVSS vector and CWE, and checked by a supervisor. May contain errors.

🛡️ ATT&CK mitigations that cover these techniques

Filter Network TrafficApplication Isolation and SandboxingExploit ProtectionUpdate SoftwareVulnerability ScanningThreat Intelligence Program

Affected technologies (1)

⚠ AI-inferred from the description — NVD hasn't analyzed this CVE yet, these aren't verified CPEs.

XZ — XZ UtilsAI

CWEs

References

Raw JSON (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2025-31115",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-31115",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2025-04-03T17:57:35.541572Z"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "cvssData": {
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "version": "4.0",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 8.7,
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "tukaani-project",
          "product": "xz",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": ">= 5.3.3alpha, < 5.8.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "Siemens",
          "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
          "versions": [
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              "version": "V3.1.5",
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        {
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        {
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        {
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          "versions": [
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              "version": "V3.1.5",
              "lessThan": "*",
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        {
          "vendor": "Siemens",
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          "versions": [
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  ],
  "published": "2025-04-03T17:15:30.540",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/commit/d5a2ffe41bb77b918a8c96084885d4dbe4bf6480",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/security/advisories/GHSA-6cc8-p5mm-29w2",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://tukaani.org/xz/xz-cve-2025-31115.patch",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/03/1",
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/03/2",
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/03/3",
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html",
      "source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-366"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-416"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-476"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-826"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "XZ Utils provide a general-purpose data-compression library plus command-line tools. In XZ Utils 5.3.3alpha to 5.8.0, the multithreaded .xz decoder in liblzma has a bug where invalid input can at least result in a crash. The effects include heap use after free and writing to an address based on the null pointer plus an offset. Applications and libraries that use the lzma_stream_decoder_mt function are affected. The bug has been fixed in XZ Utils 5.8.1, and the fix has been committed to the v5.4, v5.6, v5.8, and master branches in the xz Git repository. No new release packages will be made from the old stable branches, but a standalone patch is available that applies to all affected releases."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "XZ Utils proporciona una librería de compresión de datos de propósito general, además de herramientas de línea de comandos. En XZ Utils 5.3.3alpha a 5.8.0, el decodificador .xz multiproceso de liblzma presenta un error que provoca un fallo en la ejecución de una entrada no válida. Esto afecta a use after free y a la escritura en una dirección basada en el puntero nulo y un desplazamiento. Las aplicaciones y librerías que utilizan la función lzma_stream_decoder_mt se ven afectadas. El error se ha corregido en XZ Utils 5.8.1 y la corrección se ha implementado en las ramas v5.4, v5.6, v5.8 y master del repositorio Git de xz. No se crearán nuevos paquetes de versiones a partir de las ramas estables antiguas, pero existe un parche independiente disponible para todas las versiones afectadas."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T09:09:52.910",
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com"
}