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CVE-2025-27407

Estado: AplazadaCrítica (9)—

graphql-ruby is a Ruby implementation of GraphQL. Starting in version 1.11.5 and prior to versions 1.11.8, 1.12.25, 1.13.24, 2.0.32, 2.1.14, 2.2.17, and 2.3.21, loading a malicious schema definition in `GraphQL::Schema.from_introspection` (or `GraphQL::Schema::Loader.load`) can result in remote code execution. Any system which loads a schema by JSON from an untrusted source is vulnerable, including those that use GraphQL::Client to load external schemas via GraphQL introspection. Versions 1.11.8, 1.12.25, 1.13.24, 2.0.32, 2.1.14, 2.2.17, and 2.3.21 contain a patch for the issue.

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

CWE-94 (improper control of generation of code) y AV:N permite explotación remota vía esquema JSON malicioso en GraphQL::Schema.from_introspection, resultando en RCE.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Privileged Account ManagementVulnerability ScanningRestrict Web-Based ContentNetwork SegmentationLimit Software InstallationLimit Access to Resource Over Network

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

⚠ Inferidas por IA a partir de la descripción — NVD aún no ha analizado esta CVE; no son CPE verificados.

Graphql Ruby — Graphql RubyAI

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2025-27407",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-27407",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2025-03-12T18:41:38.718466Z"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 9,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 6,
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.2
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "rmosolgo",
          "product": "graphql-ruby",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": ">= 1.11.5, < 1.11.8"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": ">= 1.12.0, < 1.12.25"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": ">= 1.13.0, < 1.13.24"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": ">= 2.0.0, < 2.0.32"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": ">= 2.1.0, < 2.1.14"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": ">= 2.2.0, < 2.2.17"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": ">= 2.3.0, < 2.3.21"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2025-03-12T19:15:40.597",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/github-community-projects/graphql-client",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
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    {
      "url": "https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/28233b16c0eb9d0fb7808f4980e061dc7507c4cd",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/2d2f4ed1f79472f8eed29c864b039649e1de238f",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/5c5a7b9a9bdce143be048074aea50edb7bb747be",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
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    {
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      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
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    {
      "url": "https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/d0963289e0dab4ea893bbecf12bb7d89294957bb",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
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    {
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      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
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    {
      "url": "https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/e3b33ace05391da2871c75ab4d3b66e29133b367",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/security/advisories/GHSA-q92j-grw3-h492",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00002.html",
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-94"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "graphql-ruby is a Ruby implementation of GraphQL. Starting in version 1.11.5 and prior to versions 1.11.8, 1.12.25, 1.13.24, 2.0.32, 2.1.14, 2.2.17, and 2.3.21, loading a malicious schema definition in `GraphQL::Schema.from_introspection` (or `GraphQL::Schema::Loader.load`) can result in remote code execution. Any system which loads a schema by JSON from an untrusted source is vulnerable, including those that use GraphQL::Client to load external schemas via GraphQL introspection. Versions 1.11.8, 1.12.25, 1.13.24, 2.0.32, 2.1.14, 2.2.17, and 2.3.21 contain a patch for the issue."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "graphql-ruby es una implementación Ruby de GraphQL. A partir de la versión 1.11.5 y anteriores a las versiones 1.11.8, 1.12.25, 1.13.24, 2.0.32, 2.1.14, 2.2.17 y 2.3.21, cargar una definición de esquema maliciosa en `GraphQL::Schema.from_introspection` (o `GraphQL::Schema::Loader.load`) puede provocar la ejecución remota de código. Cualquier sistema que cargue un esquema mediante JSON desde una fuente no confiable es vulnerable, incluyendo aquellos que usan GraphQL::Client para cargar esquemas externos mediante la introspección de GraphQL. Las versiones 1.11.8, 1.12.25, 1.13.24, 2.0.32, 2.1.14, 2.2.17 y 2.3.21 contienen un parche para el problema."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T09:03:31.773",
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com"
}