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CVE-2025-21598

Estado: AnalizadaAlta (8.2)—

An Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved's routing protocol daemon (rpd) allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to send malformed BGP packets to a device configured with packet receive trace options enabled to crash rpd. This issue affects:

Junos OS:

This issue requires a BGP session to be established.

This issue can propagate and multiply through multiple ASes until reaching vulnerable devices.

This issue affects iBGP and eBGP.

This issue affects IPv4 and IPv6.

An indicator of compromise may be the presence of malformed update messages in a neighboring AS which is unaffected by this issue:

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For example, by issuing the command on the neighboring device:  show log messages

Reviewing for similar messages from devices within proximity to each other may indicate this malformed packet is propagating:   rpd[<pid>]: Received malformed update from <IP address> (External AS <AS#>) and   rpd[<pid>]: Malformed Attribute

Detalles técnicos trazas, registros y código del informe original
  *  from 21.2R3-S8 before 21.2R3-S9, 
  *  from 21.4R3-S7 before 21.4R3-S9, 
  *  from 22.2R3-S4 before 22.2R3-S5, 
  *  from 22.3R3-S2 before 22.3R3-S4, 
  *  from 22.4R3 before 22.4R3-S5, 
  *  from 23.2R2 before 23.2R2-S2, 
  *  from 23.4R1 before 23.4R2-S1, 
  *  from 24.2R1 before 24.2R1-S1, 24.2R2.

Junos OS Evolved:
  *  from 21.4R3-S7-EVO before 21.4R3-S9-EVO, 
  *  from 22.2R3-S4-EVO before 22.2R3-S5-EVO, 
  *  from 22.3R3-S2-EVO before 22.3R3-S4-EVO, 
  *  from 22.4R3-EVO before 22.4R3-S5-EVO, 
  *  from 23.2R2-EVO before 23.2R2-S2-EVO, 
  *  from 23.4R1-EVO before 23.4R2-S1-EVO, 
  *  from 24.2R1-EVO before 24.2R1-S2-EVO, 24.2R2-EVO.

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

Vulnerabilidad remota sin autenticación en BGP (AV:N, PR:N, UI:N) que causa DoS del daemon rpd mediante paquetes malformados (CWE-125, out-of-bounds read), impactando disponibilidad (VA:H, SA:L).

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Tecnologías afectadas (2)

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2025-21598",
  "cveTags": [],
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          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
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      "affectedData": [
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          "vendor": "Juniper Networks",
          "modules": [
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            "BGP",
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "22.2R3-S4",
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "22.3R3-S2",
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              "version": "22.4R3",
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              "version": "24.2R1",
              "lessThan": "24.2R1-S1, 24.2R2",
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          "packageName": "RPD",
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          "product": "Junos OS Evolved",
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              "lessThan": "22.2R3-S5-EVO",
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              "version": "22.3R3-S2-EVO",
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  "published": "2025-01-09T19:15:20.123",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA92867",
      "tags": [
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      "source": "sirt@juniper.net"
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      "url": "https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/cli-reference/topics/ref/statement/traceoptions-edit-protocols-bgp.html",
      "tags": [
        "Technical Description"
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      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "sirt@juniper.net",
      "description": [
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-125"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "An Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved's routing protocol daemon (rpd) allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to send malformed BGP packets to a device configured with packet receive trace options enabled to crash rpd.\nThis issue affects:\n\nJunos OS: \n\n\n\n  *  from 21.2R3-S8 before 21.2R3-S9, \n  *  from 21.4R3-S7 before 21.4R3-S9, \n  *  from 22.2R3-S4 before 22.2R3-S5, \n  *  from 22.3R3-S2 before 22.3R3-S4, \n  *  from 22.4R3 before 22.4R3-S5, \n  *  from 23.2R2 before 23.2R2-S2, \n  *  from 23.4R1 before 23.4R2-S1, \n  *  from 24.2R1 before 24.2R1-S1, 24.2R2.\n\n\nJunos OS Evolved:\n  *  from 21.4R3-S7-EVO before 21.4R3-S9-EVO, \n  *  from 22.2R3-S4-EVO before 22.2R3-S5-EVO, \n  *  from 22.3R3-S2-EVO before 22.3R3-S4-EVO, \n  *  from 22.4R3-EVO before 22.4R3-S5-EVO, \n  *  from 23.2R2-EVO before 23.2R2-S2-EVO, \n  *  from 23.4R1-EVO before 23.4R2-S1-EVO, \n  *  from 24.2R1-EVO before 24.2R1-S2-EVO, 24.2R2-EVO.\n\n\nThis issue requires a BGP session to be established.\n\nThis issue can propagate and multiply through multiple ASes until reaching vulnerable devices.\n\nThis issue affects iBGP and eBGP.\n\nThis issue affects IPv4 and IPv6.\n\nAn indicator of compromise may be the presence of malformed update messages in a neighboring AS which is unaffected by this issue:\n\nFor example, by issuing the command on the neighboring device:\n show log messages\n\nReviewing for similar messages from devices within proximity to each other may indicate this malformed packet is propagating:\n  rpd[<pid>]: Received malformed update from <IP address> (External AS <AS#>)\nand\n  rpd[<pid>]: Malformed Attribute"
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Una vulnerabilidad de lectura fuera de los límites en el daemon de protocolo de enrutamiento (rpd) de Juniper Networks Junos OS y Junos OS Evolved permite que un atacante no autenticado basado en la red envíe paquetes BGP malformados a un dispositivo configurado con opciones de seguimiento de recepción de paquetes habilitadas para bloquear rpd. Este problema afecta a: Junos OS: * desde 21.2R3-S8 antes de 21.2R3-S9, * desde 21.4R3-S7 antes de 21.4R3-S9, * desde 22.2R3-S4 antes de 22.2R3-S5, * desde 22.3R3-S2 antes de 22.3R3-S4, * desde 22.4R3 antes de 22.4R3-S5, * desde 23.2R2 antes de 23.2R2-S2, * desde 23.4R1 antes de 23.4R2-S1, * desde 24.2R1 antes de 24.2R1-S1, 24.2R2. Junos OS Evolved: * desde 21.4R3-S7-EVO hasta 21.4R3-S9-EVO, * desde 22.2R3-S4-EVO hasta 22.2R3-S5-EVO, * desde 22.3R3-S2-EVO hasta 22.3R3-S4-EVO, * desde 22.4R3-EVO hasta 22.4R3-S5-EVO, * desde 23.2R2-EVO hasta 23.2R2-S2-EVO, * desde 23.4R1-EVO hasta 23.4R2-S1-EVO, * desde 24.2R1-EVO hasta 24.2R1-S2-EVO, 24.2R2-EVO. Este problema requiere que se establezca una sesión BGP. Este problema puede propagarse y multiplicarse a través de varios AS hasta llegar a dispositivos vulnerables. Este problema afecta a iBGP y eBGP. Este problema afecta a IPv4 e IPv6. Un indicador de compromiso puede ser la presencia de mensajes de actualización malformados en un AS vecino que no se ve afectado por este problema: por ejemplo, al emitir el comando en el dispositivo vecino: show log messages La revisión de mensajes similares de dispositivos cercanos entre sí puede indicar que este paquete malformado se está propagando: rpd[]: Se recibió una actualización malformada de  (AS externo ) y rpd[]: Atributo malformado"
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T08:43:49.230",
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