CVE-2025-1727

Estado: AplazadaAlta (7.2)—

The protocol used for remote linking over RF for End-of-Train and Head-of-Train (also known as a FRED) relies on a BCH checksum for packet creation. It is possible to create these EoT and HoT packets with a software defined radio and issue brake control commands to the EoT device, disrupting operations or potentially overwhelming the brake systems.

CVSS

Versión: 4.0
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Puntuación base: 7.2

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

Probabilidad de explotación en los próximos 30 días: 0.60%
Percentil entre todas las CVEs puntuadas: 47
Fecha de la puntuación: 5/10/2026

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

ExplotaciónT1210 Exploitation of Remote Serviceslateral movement75 %
Impacto principalT1499.004 Application or System Exploitationimpact70 %
Impacto secundarioT1565.002 Transmitted Data Manipulationimpact65 %

AV:A (red adyacente) + acceso remoto a dispositivo de control ferroviario (EoT/HoT) = T1210. Impactos: comandos de freno causando DoS operacional (T1499.004) y manipulación de datos críticos de control (T1565.002).

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Vulnerability Scanning Threat Intelligence Program Privileged Account Management Network Segmentation Filter Network Traffic Encrypt Sensitive Information

CWE

CWE-1390

Referencias

https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-191-10

JSON original (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2025-1727",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-1727",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2025-07-11T14:06:22.369634Z"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 8.1,
          "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE"
        },
        "impactScore": 5.2,
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
        "cvssData": {
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "version": "4.0",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 7.2,
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackVector": "ADJACENT",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "End-of-Train and Head-of-Train remote linking protocol",
          "product": "End-of-Train and Head-of-Train remote linking protocol",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "All versions"
            }
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2025-07-10T23:15:27.600",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-191-10",
      "source": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-1390"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "The protocol used for remote linking over RF for End-of-Train and \nHead-of-Train (also known as a FRED) relies on a BCH checksum for packet\n creation. It is possible to create these EoT and HoT packets with a \nsoftware defined radio and issue brake control commands to the EoT \ndevice, disrupting operations or potentially overwhelming the brake \nsystems."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "El protocolo utilizado para la conexión remota por RF para End-of-Train and Head-of-Train (también conocido como FRED) se basa en una suma de comprobación BCH para la creación de paquetes. Es posible crear estos paquetes EoT y HoT con una radio definida por software y emitir comandos de control de freno al dispositivo EoT, lo que podría interrumpir las operaciones o saturar los sistemas de freno."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T08:39:40.447",
  "sourceIdentifier": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov"
}