CVE-2025-12790

Estado: AplazadaAlta (7.4)—

A flaw was found in Rubygem MQTT. By default, the package used to not have hostname validation, resulting in possible Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack.

CVSS

Versión: 3.1
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Puntuación base: 7.4

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

Probabilidad de explotación en los próximos 30 días: 0.35%
Percentil entre todas las CVEs puntuadas: 27
Fecha de la puntuación: 6/10/2026

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

ExplotaciónT1557 Adversary-in-the-Middlecredential access · collection85 %
Impacto principalT1041 Exfiltration Over C2 Channelexfiltration75 %
Impacto secundarioT1598 Phishing for Informationreconnaissance60 %

CWE-29 (falta validación hostname) en MQTT permite MITM sin autenticación (PR:N). Exfiltración de credenciales/datos de tráfico (C:H) y posible phishing/ingeniería social contra clientes comprometidos.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

User Training Network Intrusion Prevention Network Segmentation Limit Access to Resource Over Network Filter Network Traffic Encrypt Sensitive Information

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

⚠ Inferidas por IA a partir de la descripción — NVD aún no ha analizado esta CVE; no son CPE verificados.

Mqtt — Mqtt^AI

CWE

CWE-29

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

Mostrar

{
  "id": "CVE-2025-12790",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-12790",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2025-11-08T04:55:20.280647Z"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "secalert@redhat.com",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 7.4,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 5.2,
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.2
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "secalert@redhat.com",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "Nicholas J Humfrey",
          "product": "ruby-mqtt",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "lessThan": "0.7.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ],
          "packageName": "ruby-mqtt",
          "collectionURL": "https://github.com/njh/ruby-mqtt",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6"
          ],
          "vendor": "Red Hat",
          "product": "Red Hat Satellite 6",
          "packageName": "rubygem-mqtt",
          "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/",
          "defaultStatus": "affected"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6"
          ],
          "vendor": "Red Hat",
          "product": "Red Hat Satellite 6",
          "packageName": "satellite:el8/rubygem-mqtt",
          "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/",
          "defaultStatus": "affected"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2025-11-06T21:15:40.000",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-12790",
      "source": "secalert@redhat.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2413004",
      "source": "secalert@redhat.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/njh/ruby-mqtt/blob/main/NEWS.md#ruby-mqtt-version-070-2025-10-29",
      "source": "secalert@redhat.com"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "secalert@redhat.com",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-29"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "A flaw was found in Rubygem MQTT. By default, the package used to not have hostname validation, resulting in possible Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T08:32:57.860",
  "sourceIdentifier": "secalert@redhat.com"
}