CVE-2024-26960
Estado: ModificadaAlta (7)—
En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: mm: swap: corrige la ejecución entre free_swap_and_cache() y swapoff() Anteriormente existía una ventana teórica donde swapoff() podía ejecutar y desmantelar un swap_info_struct mientras se realizaba una llamada a free_swap_and_cache(). corriendo en otro hilo. Esto podría causar, entre otras malas posibilidades, que swap_page_trans_huge_swapped() (llamado por free_swap_and_cache()) acceda a la memoria liberada para swap_map. Este es un problema teórico y no he podido provocarlo a partir de un caso de prueba.
Leer descripción completaMostrar menos
Pero ha habido un acuerdo basado en la revisión del código de que esto es posible (ver enlace a continuación). Solucionarlo usando get_swap_device()/put_swap_device(), lo que detendrá swapoff(). Hubo una verificación adicional en _swap_info_get() para confirmar que la entrada de intercambio no era gratuita. Esto no está presente en get_swap_device() porque en general no tiene sentido debido a la ejecución entre obtener la referencia y el intercambio. Así que agregué una verificación equivalente directamente en free_swap_and_cache(). Detalles de cómo provocar un posible problema (gracias a David Hildenbrand por derivar esto): --8<----- __swap_entry_free() podría ser el último usuario y dar como resultado "count == SWAP_HAS_CACHE". swapoff->try_to_unuse() se detendrá tan pronto como si->inuse_pages==0. Entonces la pregunta es: ¿alguien podría reclamar la publicación y activar si->inuse_pages==0, antes de que completemos swap_page_trans_huge_swapped()? Imagine lo siguiente: folio de 2 MiB en el swapcache. Sólo 2 subpáginas siguen siendo referencias mediante entradas de intercambio. El proceso 1 todavía hace referencia a la subpágina 0 mediante la entrada de intercambio. El proceso 2 todavía hace referencia a la subpágina 1 mediante la entrada de intercambio. El proceso 1 se cierra. Llama a free_swap_and_cache(). -> count == SWAP_HAS_CACHE [luego, adelantado en el hipervisor, etc.] El proceso 2 se cierra. Llama a free_swap_and_cache(). -> count == SWAP_HAS_CACHE El proceso 2 continúa, pasa swap_page_trans_huge_swapped() y llama a __try_to_reclaim_swap(). __try_to_reclaim_swap()->folio_free_swap()->delete_from_swap_cache()-> put_swap_folio()->free_swap_slot()->swapcache_free_entries()-> swap_entry_free()->swap_range_free()-> ... WRITE_ONCE(si->inuse_pages, si->inuse_pages - nr_entries); ¿Qué impide que el intercambio tenga éxito después de que el proceso 2 recuperó el caché de intercambio pero antes de que el proceso 1 terminara su llamada a swap_page_trans_huge_swapped()? --8<-----
CVSS
- Versión: 3.1
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
- Puntuación base: 7
Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)
- Probabilidad de explotación en los próximos 30 días: 0.18%
- Percentil entre todas las CVEs puntuadas: 7
- Fecha de la puntuación: 8/10/2026
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).
Tecnologías afectadas (2)
CWE
- CWE-362
Referencias
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0f98f6d2fb5fad00f8299b84b85b6bc1b6d7d19a
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1ede7f1d7eed1738d1b9333fd1e152ccb450b86a
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2da5568ee222ce0541bfe446a07998f92ed1643e
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/363d17e7f7907c8e27a9e86968af0eaa2301787b
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3ce4c4c653e4e478ecb15d3c88e690f12cbf6b39
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/82b1c07a0af603e3c47b906c8e991dc96f01688e
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d85c11c97ecf92d47a4b29e3faca714dc1f18d0d
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0f98f6d2fb5fad00f8299b84b85b6bc1b6d7d19a
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1ede7f1d7eed1738d1b9333fd1e152ccb450b86a
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2da5568ee222ce0541bfe446a07998f92ed1643e
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/363d17e7f7907c8e27a9e86968af0eaa2301787b
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3ce4c4c653e4e478ecb15d3c88e690f12cbf6b39
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/82b1c07a0af603e3c47b906c8e991dc96f01688e
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d85c11c97ecf92d47a4b29e3faca714dc1f18d0d
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00017.html
- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-265688.html
JSON original (NVD)
Mostrar
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmm: swap: fix race between free_swap_and_cache() and swapoff()\n\nThere was previously a theoretical window where swapoff() could run and\nteardown a swap_info_struct while a call to free_swap_and_cache() was\nrunning in another thread. This could cause, amongst other bad\npossibilities, swap_page_trans_huge_swapped() (called by\nfree_swap_and_cache()) to access the freed memory for swap_map.\n\nThis is a theoretical problem and I haven't been able to provoke it from a\ntest case. But there has been agreement based on code review that this is\npossible (see link below).\n\nFix it by using get_swap_device()/put_swap_device(), which will stall\nswapoff(). There was an extra check in _swap_info_get() to confirm that\nthe swap entry was not free. This isn't present in get_swap_device()\nbecause it doesn't make sense in general due to the race between getting\nthe reference and swapoff. So I've added an equivalent check directly in\nfree_swap_and_cache().\n\nDetails of how to provoke one possible issue (thanks to David Hildenbrand\nfor deriving this):\n\n--8<-----\n\n__swap_entry_free() might be the last user and result in\n\"count == SWAP_HAS_CACHE\".\n\nswapoff->try_to_unuse() will stop as soon as soon as si->inuse_pages==0.\n\nSo the question is: could someone reclaim the folio and turn\nsi->inuse_pages==0, before we completed swap_page_trans_huge_swapped().\n\nImagine the following: 2 MiB folio in the swapcache. Only 2 subpages are\nstill references by swap entries.\n\nProcess 1 still references subpage 0 via swap entry.\nProcess 2 still references subpage 1 via swap entry.\n\nProcess 1 quits. Calls free_swap_and_cache().\n-> count == SWAP_HAS_CACHE\n[then, preempted in the hypervisor etc.]\n\nProcess 2 quits. Calls free_swap_and_cache().\n-> count == SWAP_HAS_CACHE\n\nProcess 2 goes ahead, passes swap_page_trans_huge_swapped(), and calls\n__try_to_reclaim_swap().\n\n__try_to_reclaim_swap()->folio_free_swap()->delete_from_swap_cache()->\nput_swap_folio()->free_swap_slot()->swapcache_free_entries()->\nswap_entry_free()->swap_range_free()->\n...\nWRITE_ONCE(si->inuse_pages, si->inuse_pages - nr_entries);\n\nWhat stops swapoff to succeed after process 2 reclaimed the swap cache\nbut before process1 finished its call to swap_page_trans_huge_swapped()?\n\n--8<-----"
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{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: mm: swap: corrige la ejecución entre free_swap_and_cache() y swapoff() Anteriormente existía una ventana teórica donde swapoff() podía ejecutar y desmantelar un swap_info_struct mientras se realizaba una llamada a free_swap_and_cache(). corriendo en otro hilo. Esto podría causar, entre otras malas posibilidades, que swap_page_trans_huge_swapped() (llamado por free_swap_and_cache()) acceda a la memoria liberada para swap_map. Este es un problema teórico y no he podido provocarlo a partir de un caso de prueba. Pero ha habido un acuerdo basado en la revisión del código de que esto es posible (ver enlace a continuación). Solucionarlo usando get_swap_device()/put_swap_device(), lo que detendrá swapoff(). Hubo una verificación adicional en _swap_info_get() para confirmar que la entrada de intercambio no era gratuita. Esto no está presente en get_swap_device() porque en general no tiene sentido debido a la ejecución entre obtener la referencia y el intercambio. Así que agregué una verificación equivalente directamente en free_swap_and_cache(). Detalles de cómo provocar un posible problema (gracias a David Hildenbrand por derivar esto): --8<----- __swap_entry_free() podría ser el último usuario y dar como resultado \"count == SWAP_HAS_CACHE\". swapoff->try_to_unuse() se detendrá tan pronto como si->inuse_pages==0. Entonces la pregunta es: ¿alguien podría reclamar la publicación y activar si->inuse_pages==0, antes de que completemos swap_page_trans_huge_swapped()? Imagine lo siguiente: folio de 2 MiB en el swapcache. Sólo 2 subpáginas siguen siendo referencias mediante entradas de intercambio. El proceso 1 todavía hace referencia a la subpágina 0 mediante la entrada de intercambio. El proceso 2 todavía hace referencia a la subpágina 1 mediante la entrada de intercambio. El proceso 1 se cierra. Llama a free_swap_and_cache(). -> count == SWAP_HAS_CACHE [luego, adelantado en el hipervisor, etc.] El proceso 2 se cierra. Llama a free_swap_and_cache(). -> count == SWAP_HAS_CACHE El proceso 2 continúa, pasa swap_page_trans_huge_swapped() y llama a __try_to_reclaim_swap(). __try_to_reclaim_swap()->folio_free_swap()->delete_from_swap_cache()-> put_swap_folio()->free_swap_slot()->swapcache_free_entries()-> swap_entry_free()->swap_range_free()-> ... WRITE_ONCE(si->inuse_pages, si->inuse_pages - nr_entries); ¿Qué impide que el intercambio tenga éxito después de que el proceso 2 recuperó el caché de intercambio pero antes de que el proceso 1 terminara su llamada a swap_page_trans_huge_swapped()? --8<-----"
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"lastModified": "2026-08-04T11:17:27.080",
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