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CVE-2023-2770

Status: ModifiedHigh (8.8)—

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in SourceCodester Online Exam System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /kelasdosen/data. The manipulation of the argument columns[1][data] leads to sql injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-229276.

CVSS

Exploitation probability (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, FIRST) estimates how likely a vulnerability is to be exploited in the wild within 30 days. It complements CVSS (impact) and CISA KEV (confirmed exploitation).

Affected technologies (1)

Online Exam System Project — Online Exam System

CWEs

References

Raw JSON (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2023-2770",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV2": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "cna@vuldb.com",
        "cvssData": {
          "version": "2.0",
          "baseScore": 6.5,
          "accessVector": "NETWORK",
          "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P",
          "authentication": "SINGLE",
          "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL",
          "accessComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL"
        },
        "acInsufInfo": false,
        "impactScore": 6.4,
        "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
        "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
        "exploitabilityScore": 8,
        "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
        "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
        "userInteractionRequired": false
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "cna@vuldb.com",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 6.3,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
          "integrityImpact": "LOW",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW"
        },
        "impactScore": 3.4,
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8
      },
      {
        "type": "Primary",
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 8.8,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8
      }
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  },
  "affected": [
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      "affectedData": [
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          "vendor": "SourceCodester",
          "product": "Online Exam System",
          "versions": [
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              "version": "1.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2023-05-17T18:15:09.377",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/tht1997/CVE_2023/blob/main/online_exam/kelasdosen.md",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cna@vuldb.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.229276",
      "tags": [
        "Permissions Required",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cna@vuldb.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.229276",
      "tags": [
        "Permissions Required",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cna@vuldb.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/tht1997/CVE_2023/blob/main/online_exam/kelasdosen.md",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.229276",
      "tags": [
        "Permissions Required",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.229276",
      "tags": [
        "Permissions Required",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "cna@vuldb.com",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-89"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "A vulnerability classified as critical was found in SourceCodester Online Exam System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /kelasdosen/data. The manipulation of the argument columns[1][data] leads to sql injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-229276."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T05:53:23.990",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:online_exam_system_project:online_exam_system:1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "vulnerable": true,
              "matchCriteriaId": "99ACEFBC-1F4A-41C6-BA00-C80C40D32783"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "cna@vuldb.com"
}