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CVE-2022-49441

Estado: ModificadaMedia (5.5)—

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

tty: fix deadlock caused by calling printk() under tty_port->lock

pty_write() invokes kmalloc() which may invoke a normal printk() to print failure message. This can cause a deadlock in the scenario reported by syz-bot below:

As commit dbdda842fe96 ("printk: Add console owner and waiter logic to load balance console writes") said, such deadlock can be prevented by using printk_deferred() in kmalloc() (which is invoked in the section guarded by the port->lock). But there are too many printk() on the kmalloc() path, and kmalloc() can be called from anywhere, so changing printk() to printk_deferred() is too complicated and inelegant.

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Therefore, this patch chooses to specify __GFP_NOWARN to kmalloc(), so that printk() will not be called, and this deadlock problem can be avoided.

Syzbot reported the following lockdep error:

====================================================== WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected 5.4.143-00237-g08ccc19a-dirty #10 Not tainted ------------------------------------------------------ syz-executor.4/29420 is trying to acquire lock: ffffffff8aedb2a0 (console_owner){....}-{0:0}, at: console_trylock_spinning kernel/printk/printk.c:1752 [inline] ffffffff8aedb2a0 (console_owner){....}-{0:0}, at: vprintk_emit+0x2ca/0x470 kernel/printk/printk.c:2023

which lock already depends on the new lock.

the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:

Detalles técnicos trazas, registros y código del informe original
       CPU0              CPU1                    CPU2
       ----              ----                    ----
                         lock(console_owner);
                                                 lock(&port_lock_key);
  lock(&port->lock);
                         lock(&port_lock_key);
                                                 lock(&port->lock);
  lock(console_owner);

but task is already holding lock:
ffff8880119c9158 (&port->lock){-.-.}-{2:2}, at: pty_write+0xf4/0x1f0 drivers/tty/pty.c:120

-> #2 (&port->lock){-.-.}-{2:2}:
       __raw_spin_lock_irqsave include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:110 [inline]
       _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x35/0x50 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:159
       tty_port_tty_get drivers/tty/tty_port.c:288 [inline]          		<-- lock(&port->lock);
       tty_port_default_wakeup+0x1d/0xb0 drivers/tty/tty_port.c:47
       serial8250_tx_chars+0x530/0xa80 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1767
       serial8250_handle_irq.part.0+0x31f/0x3d0 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1854
       serial8250_handle_irq drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1827 [inline] 	<-- lock(&port_lock_key);
       serial8250_default_handle_irq+0xb2/0x220 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1870
       serial8250_interrupt+0xfd/0x200 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_core.c:126
       __handle_irq_event_percpu+0x109/0xa50 kernel/irq/handle.c:156
       [...]

-> #1 (&port_lock_key){-.-.}-{2:2}:
       __raw_spin_lock_irqsave include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:110 [inline]
       _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x35/0x50 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:159
       serial8250_console_write+0x184/0xa40 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:3198
										<-- lock(&port_lock_key);
       call_console_drivers kernel/printk/printk.c:1819 [inline]
       console_unlock+0x8cb/0xd00 kernel/printk/printk.c:2504
       vprintk_emit+0x1b5/0x470 kernel/printk/printk.c:2024			<-- lock(console_owner);
       vprintk_func+0x8d/0x250 kernel/printk/printk_safe.c:394
       printk+0xba/0xed kernel/printk/printk.c:2084
       register_console+0x8b3/0xc10 kernel/printk/printk.c:2829
       univ8250_console_init+0x3a/0x46 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_core.c:681
       console_init+0x49d/0x6d3 kernel/printk/printk.c:2915
       start_kernel+0x5e9/0x879 init/main.c:713
       secondary_startup_64+0xa4/0xb0 arch/x86/kernel/head_64.S:241

-> #0 (console_owner){....}-{0:0}:
       [...]
       lock_acquire+0x127/0x340 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:4734
       console_trylock_spinning kernel/printk/printk.c:1773 
---truncated---

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

Mostrar
{
  "id": "CVE-2022-49441",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2022-49441",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
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          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2025-10-01T19:40:56.105263Z"
        }
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          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE"
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        "impactScore": 3.6,
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8
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        "cvssData": {
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          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE"
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            {
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            {
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          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/tty/tty_buffer.c"
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          "defaultStatus": "unaffected"
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        {
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              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*"
            },
            {
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              "version": "5.10.121",
              "versionType": "semver",
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            },
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              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*"
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              "version": "5.18.3",
              "versionType": "semver",
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            {
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              "version": "5.19",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix",
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            }
          ],
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/tty/tty_buffer.c"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected"
        }
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  "published": "2025-02-26T07:01:20.523",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/04ee31678c128a6cc7bb057ea189a8624ba5a314",
      "tags": [
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      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
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      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
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      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
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      "tags": [
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      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
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      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4c253caf9264d2aa47ee806a87986dd8eb91a5d9",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6b9dbedbe3499fef862c4dff5217cf91f34e43b3",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9834b13e8b962caa28fbcf1f422dd82413da4ede",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b3c974501d0c32258ae0e04e5cc3fb92383b40f6",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Primary",
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-667"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-667"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntty: fix deadlock caused by calling printk() under tty_port->lock\n\npty_write() invokes kmalloc() which may invoke a normal printk() to print\nfailure message.  This can cause a deadlock in the scenario reported by\nsyz-bot below:\n\n       CPU0              CPU1                    CPU2\n       ----              ----                    ----\n                         lock(console_owner);\n                                                 lock(&port_lock_key);\n  lock(&port->lock);\n                         lock(&port_lock_key);\n                                                 lock(&port->lock);\n  lock(console_owner);\n\nAs commit dbdda842fe96 (\"printk: Add console owner and waiter logic to\nload balance console writes\") said, such deadlock can be prevented by\nusing printk_deferred() in kmalloc() (which is invoked in the section\nguarded by the port->lock).  But there are too many printk() on the\nkmalloc() path, and kmalloc() can be called from anywhere, so changing\nprintk() to printk_deferred() is too complicated and inelegant.\n\nTherefore, this patch chooses to specify __GFP_NOWARN to kmalloc(), so\nthat printk() will not be called, and this deadlock problem can be\navoided.\n\nSyzbot reported the following lockdep error:\n\n======================================================\nWARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected\n5.4.143-00237-g08ccc19a-dirty #10 Not tainted\n------------------------------------------------------\nsyz-executor.4/29420 is trying to acquire lock:\nffffffff8aedb2a0 (console_owner){....}-{0:0}, at: console_trylock_spinning kernel/printk/printk.c:1752 [inline]\nffffffff8aedb2a0 (console_owner){....}-{0:0}, at: vprintk_emit+0x2ca/0x470 kernel/printk/printk.c:2023\n\nbut task is already holding lock:\nffff8880119c9158 (&port->lock){-.-.}-{2:2}, at: pty_write+0xf4/0x1f0 drivers/tty/pty.c:120\n\nwhich lock already depends on the new lock.\n\nthe existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:\n\n-> #2 (&port->lock){-.-.}-{2:2}:\n       __raw_spin_lock_irqsave include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:110 [inline]\n       _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x35/0x50 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:159\n       tty_port_tty_get drivers/tty/tty_port.c:288 [inline]          \t\t<-- lock(&port->lock);\n       tty_port_default_wakeup+0x1d/0xb0 drivers/tty/tty_port.c:47\n       serial8250_tx_chars+0x530/0xa80 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1767\n       serial8250_handle_irq.part.0+0x31f/0x3d0 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1854\n       serial8250_handle_irq drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1827 [inline] \t<-- lock(&port_lock_key);\n       serial8250_default_handle_irq+0xb2/0x220 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1870\n       serial8250_interrupt+0xfd/0x200 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_core.c:126\n       __handle_irq_event_percpu+0x109/0xa50 kernel/irq/handle.c:156\n       [...]\n\n-> #1 (&port_lock_key){-.-.}-{2:2}:\n       __raw_spin_lock_irqsave include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:110 [inline]\n       _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x35/0x50 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:159\n       serial8250_console_write+0x184/0xa40 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:3198\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<-- lock(&port_lock_key);\n       call_console_drivers kernel/printk/printk.c:1819 [inline]\n       console_unlock+0x8cb/0xd00 kernel/printk/printk.c:2504\n       vprintk_emit+0x1b5/0x470 kernel/printk/printk.c:2024\t\t\t<-- lock(console_owner);\n       vprintk_func+0x8d/0x250 kernel/printk/printk_safe.c:394\n       printk+0xba/0xed kernel/printk/printk.c:2084\n       register_console+0x8b3/0xc10 kernel/printk/printk.c:2829\n       univ8250_console_init+0x3a/0x46 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_core.c:681\n       console_init+0x49d/0x6d3 kernel/printk/printk.c:2915\n       start_kernel+0x5e9/0x879 init/main.c:713\n       secondary_startup_64+0xa4/0xb0 arch/x86/kernel/head_64.S:241\n\n-> #0 (console_owner){....}-{0:0}:\n       [...]\n       lock_acquire+0x127/0x340 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:4734\n       console_trylock_spinning kernel/printk/printk.c:1773 \n---truncated---"
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: tty: se corrige el bloqueo causado por llamar a printk() bajo tty_port-&gt;lock pty_write() invoca kmalloc() que puede invocar un printk() normal para imprimir un mensaje de error. Esto puede causar un bloqueo en el escenario informado por syz-bot a continuación: CPU0 CPU1 CPU2 ---- ---- ---- lock(console_owner); lock(&amp;port_lock_key); lock(&amp;port-&gt;lock); lock(&amp;port_lock_key); lock(&amp;port-&gt;lock); lock(console_owner); Como dijo el commit dbdda842fe96 (\"printk: Agregar lógica de propietario y espera de consola para equilibrar la carga de escrituras de consola\"), dicho bloqueo se puede prevenir usando printk_deferred() en kmalloc() (que se invoca en la sección protegida por port-&gt;lock). Pero hay demasiados printk() en la ruta kmalloc() y kmalloc() se puede llamar desde cualquier lugar, por lo que cambiar printk() a printk_deferred() es demasiado complicado y poco elegante. Por lo tanto, este parche elige especificar __GFP_NOWARN en kmalloc(), de modo que no se llame a printk() y se pueda evitar este problema de bloqueo. Syzbot informó el siguiente error de lockdep: ======================================================== ADVERTENCIA: posible dependencia de bloqueo circular detectada 5.4.143-00237-g08ccc19a-dirty #10 Not tainted ------------------------------------------------------ syz-executor.4/29420 is trying to acquire lock: ffffffff8aedb2a0 (console_owner){....}-{0:0}, at: console_trylock_spinning kernel/printk/printk.c:1752 [inline] ffffffff8aedb2a0 (console_owner){....}-{0:0}, at: vprintk_emit+0x2ca/0x470 kernel/printk/printk.c:2023 but task is already holding lock: ffff8880119c9158 (&amp;port-&gt;lock){-.-.}-{2:2}, at: pty_write+0xf4/0x1f0 drivers/tty/pty.c:120 which lock already depends on the new lock. the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is: -&gt; #2 (&amp;port-&gt;lock){-.-.}-{2:2}: __raw_spin_lock_irqsave include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:110 [inline] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x35/0x50 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:159 tty_port_tty_get drivers/tty/tty_port.c:288 [inline] &lt;-- lock(&amp;port-&gt;lock); tty_port_default_wakeup+0x1d/0xb0 drivers/tty/tty_port.c:47 serial8250_tx_chars+0x530/0xa80 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1767 serial8250_handle_irq.part.0+0x31f/0x3d0 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1854 serial8250_handle_irq drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1827 [inline] &lt;-- lock(&amp;port_lock_key); serial8250_default_handle_irq+0xb2/0x220 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:1870 serial8250_interrupt+0xfd/0x200 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_core.c:126 __handle_irq_event_percpu+0x109/0xa50 kernel/irq/handle.c:156 [...] -&gt; #1 (&amp;port_lock_key){-.-.}-{2:2}: __raw_spin_lock_irqsave include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:110 [inline] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x35/0x50 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:159 serial8250_console_write+0x184/0xa40 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_port.c:3198 &lt;-- lock(&amp;port_lock_key); call_console_drivers kernel/printk/printk.c:1819 [inline] console_unlock+0x8cb/0xd00 kernel/printk/printk.c:2504 vprintk_emit+0x1b5/0x470 kernel/printk/printk.c:2024 &lt;-- lock(console_owner); vprintk_func+0x8d/0x250 kernel/printk/printk_safe.c:394 printk+0xba/0xed kernel/printk/printk.c:2084 register_console+0x8b3/0xc10 kernel/printk/printk.c:2829 univ8250_console_init+0x3a/0x46 drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_core.c:681 console_init+0x49d/0x6d3 kernel/printk/printk.c:2915 start_kernel+0x5e9/0x879 init/main.c:713 secondary_startup_64+0xa4/0xb0 arch/x86/kernel/head_64.S:241 -&gt; #0 (console_owner){....}-{0:0}: [...] lock_acquire+0x127/0x340 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:4734 console_trylock_spinning kernel/printk/printk.c:1773 ---truncated--- "
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  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T05:18:03.463",
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