« Back to list

CVE-2019-16255

Status: ModifiedHigh (8.1)—

Ruby through 2.4.7, 2.5.x through 2.5.6, and 2.6.x through 2.6.4 allows code injection if the first argument (aka the "command" argument) to Shell#[] or Shell#test in lib/shell.rb is untrusted data. An attacker can exploit this to call an arbitrary Ruby method.

CVSS

Exploitation probability (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, FIRST) estimates how likely a vulnerability is to be exploited in the wild within 30 days. It complements CVSS (impact) and CISA KEV (confirmed exploitation).

Affected technologies (4)

Debian — Debian LinuxOpensuse — LeapOracle — GraalvmRuby-lang — Ruby

CWEs

References

Raw JSON (NVD)

Show
{
  "id": "CVE-2019-16255",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV2": [
      {
        "type": "Primary",
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "cvssData": {
          "version": "2.0",
          "baseScore": 6.8,
          "accessVector": "NETWORK",
          "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P",
          "authentication": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL",
          "accessComplexity": "MEDIUM",
          "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL"
        },
        "acInsufInfo": false,
        "impactScore": 6.4,
        "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
        "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
        "exploitabilityScore": 8.6,
        "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
        "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
        "userInteractionRequired": false
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "type": "Primary",
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 8.1,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.2
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "product": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "n/a"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2019-11-26T18:15:15.303",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00041.html",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/327512",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Patch",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/11/msg00025.html",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/12/msg00009.html",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/08/msg00027.html",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/04/msg00033.html",
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Dec/31",
      "tags": [
        "Broken Link",
        "Mailing List",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Dec/32",
      "tags": [
        "Broken Link",
        "Mailing List",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202003-06",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4587",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/news/2019/10/01/code-injection-shell-test-cve-2019-16255/",
      "tags": [
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/news/2019/10/01/ruby-2-4-8-released/",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/news/2019/10/01/ruby-2-5-7-released/",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/news/2019/10/01/ruby-2-6-5-released/",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00041.html",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/327512",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Patch",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/11/msg00025.html",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/12/msg00009.html",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/08/msg00027.html",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/04/msg00033.html",
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Dec/31",
      "tags": [
        "Broken Link",
        "Mailing List",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Dec/32",
      "tags": [
        "Broken Link",
        "Mailing List",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202003-06",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4587",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/news/2019/10/01/code-injection-shell-test-cve-2019-16255/",
      "tags": [
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/news/2019/10/01/ruby-2-4-8-released/",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/news/2019/10/01/ruby-2-5-7-released/",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/ja/news/2019/10/01/ruby-2-6-5-released/",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Primary",
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-94"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Ruby through 2.4.7, 2.5.x through 2.5.6, and 2.6.x through 2.6.4 allows code injection if the first argument (aka the \"command\" argument) to Shell#[] or Shell#test in lib/shell.rb is untrusted data. An attacker can exploit this to call an arbitrary Ruby method."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Ruby versiones hasta 2.4.7, versiones 2.5.x hasta 2.5.6 y versiones 2.6.x hasta 2.6.4, permite una inyección de código si el primer argumento (también conocido como el argumento \"command\") para Shell#[] o Shell#test en la biblioteca lib/shell.rb es un dato no seguro. Un atacante puede explotar esto para llamar a un método de Ruby arbitrario."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T02:22:00.633",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ruby-lang:ruby:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "vulnerable": true,
              "matchCriteriaId": "A2C45233-D18A-47C8-8D49-BB05ADD50D88",
              "versionEndIncluding": "2.4.7",
              "versionStartIncluding": "2.4.0"
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ruby-lang:ruby:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "vulnerable": true,
              "matchCriteriaId": "6E259007-36E1-418F-8493-A5A7928129F6",
              "versionEndIncluding": "2.5.6",
              "versionStartIncluding": "2.5.0"
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ruby-lang:ruby:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "vulnerable": true,
              "matchCriteriaId": "E746C3E0-0162-4487-AB58-2579B2BE1FD4",
              "versionEndIncluding": "2.6.4",
              "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.0"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "vulnerable": true,
              "matchCriteriaId": "C11E6FB0-C8C0-4527-9AA0-CB9B316F8F43"
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "vulnerable": true,
              "matchCriteriaId": "DEECE5FC-CACF-4496-A3E7-164736409252"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:opensuse:leap:15.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "vulnerable": true,
              "matchCriteriaId": "B620311B-34A3-48A6-82DF-6F078D7A4493"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:graalvm:19.3.0.2:*:*:*:enterprise:*:*:*",
              "vulnerable": true,
              "matchCriteriaId": "6B257954-6EF3-4CBF-A8A7-699F70F98153"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org"
}