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CVE-2018-4012

Status: ModifiedHigh (8.1)—

An exploitable buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the HTTP header-parsing function of the Webroot BrightCloud SDK. The function bc_http_read_header incorrectly handles overlong headers, leading to arbitrary code execution. An unauthenticated attacker could impersonate a remote BrightCloud server to trigger this vulnerability.

CVSS

Exploitation probability (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, FIRST) estimates how likely a vulnerability is to be exploited in the wild within 30 days. It complements CVSS (impact) and CISA KEV (confirmed exploitation).

Affected technologies (1)

Webroot — Brightcloud

CWEs

References

Raw JSON (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2018-4012",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV2": [
      {
        "type": "Primary",
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "cvssData": {
          "version": "2.0",
          "baseScore": 9.3,
          "accessVector": "NETWORK",
          "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C",
          "authentication": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE",
          "accessComplexity": "MEDIUM",
          "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE"
        },
        "acInsufInfo": false,
        "impactScore": 10,
        "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
        "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
        "exploitabilityScore": 8.6,
        "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
        "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
        "userInteractionRequired": false
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV30": [
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        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "talos-cna@cisco.com",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "version": "3.0",
          "baseScore": 9,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 6,
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      },
      {
        "type": "Primary",
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
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          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
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          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
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        "impactScore": 5.9,
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  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "talos-cna@cisco.com",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "product": "Webroot",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "Webroot BrightCloud SDK"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2019-01-03T22:29:00.417",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2018-0683",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "talos-cna@cisco.com"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2018-0683",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Primary",
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-119"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "An exploitable buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the HTTP header-parsing function of the Webroot BrightCloud SDK. The function bc_http_read_header incorrectly handles overlong headers, leading to arbitrary code execution. An unauthenticated attacker could impersonate a remote BrightCloud server to trigger this vulnerability."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Una vulnerabilidad de desbordamiento de búfer existe en la función de parseo de cabeceras HTTP en el Webroot de BrightCloud SDK La función bc_http_read_header gestiona de manera incorrecta las cabeceras demasiado largas, provocando la ejecución de código arbitrario. Un atacante no autenticado podría suplantar un servidor remoto de BrightCloud para provocar esta vulnerabilidad."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T01:58:12.970",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:webroot:brightcloud:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "vulnerable": true,
              "matchCriteriaId": "EBE61540-357C-4428-9F93-D8FCB698087C"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "OR"
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  "sourceIdentifier": "talos-cna@cisco.com"
}