CVE-1999-0431

Status: ModifiedMedium (5)—Exploit

Severity5Medium · CVSS 2.0

Exploitation probability6.64 %higher than 94% of CVEs

Active exploitationNonot in the CISA catalog

Public exploitAvailablePublished on Exploit-DB

Linux 2.2.3 and earlier allow a remote attacker to perform an IP fragmentation attack, causing a denial of service.

CVSS

Base score: 5
Version: 2.0
Vector: AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P

Exploitation probability (EPSS)

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 6.64 %
Percentile among all scored CVEs: 94
Score date: 10/21/2026

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, FIRST) estimates how likely a vulnerability is to be exploited in the wild within 30 days. It complements CVSS (impact) and CISA KEV (confirmed exploitation).

Public exploits

Exploit code or detection templates are publicly available. This is not the same as confirmed active exploitation (KEV), but it raises the risk: patch with priority.

Published on Exploit-DB · Linux Kernel 2.1.89/2.2.x - Zero-Length Fragment (12/8/1997)

Affected technologies (1)

Linux — Linux Kernel

CWEs

NVD-CWE-Other

References

Show 2 references

Raw JSON (NVD)

Show

{
  "id": "CVE-1999-0431",
  "cveTags": [],
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        "type": "Primary",
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "cvssData": {
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          "baseScore": 5,
          "accessVector": "NETWORK",
          "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P",
          "authentication": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "accessComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE"
        },
        "acInsufInfo": false,
        "impactScore": 2.9,
        "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
        "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
        "exploitabilityScore": 10,
        "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
        "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
        "userInteractionRequired": false
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  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "affectedData": [
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          "product": "n/a",
          "versions": [
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "n/a"
            }
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  ],
  "published": "1999-03-01T05:00:00.000",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/CVE-1999-0431",
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/CVE-1999-0431",
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
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      "type": "Primary",
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "NVD-CWE-Other"
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  "descriptions": [
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      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Linux 2.2.3 and earlier allow a remote attacker to perform an IP fragmentation attack, causing a denial of service."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-16T21:48:22.873",
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  "evaluatorSolution": "This problem was fixed in Linux kernel 2.2.4 and later releases."
}