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CVE-2026-40156

Estado: AnalizadaAlta (7.8)—

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.128, PraisonAI automatically loads a file named tools.py from the current working directory to discover and register custom agent tools. This loading process uses importlib.util.spec_from_file_location and immediately executes module-level code via spec.loader.exec_module() without explicit user consent, validation, or sandboxing. The tools.py file is loaded implicitly, even when it is not referenced in configuration files or explicitly requested by the user.

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As a result, merely placing a file named tools.py in the working directory is sufficient to trigger code execution. This behavior violates the expected security boundary between user-controlled project files (e.g., YAML configurations) and executable code, as untrusted content in the working directory is treated as trusted and executed automatically. If an attacker can place a malicious tools.py file into a directory where a user or automated system (e.g., CI/CD pipeline) runs praisonai, arbitrary code execution occurs immediately upon startup, before any agent logic begins. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.128.

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

UI:R (interacción del usuario: abrir/ejecutar PraisonAI en un directorio con tools.py malicioso) dispara T1203. Ejecución de código arbitrario inmediato (exec_module) es T1059. CWE-426 (acceso a recurso no confiable) y el mecanismo implícito de carga apuntan a T1574.007 (carga de módulo).

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Execution PreventionAuditRestrict Web-Based ContentRestrict File and Directory PermissionsPrivileged Account ManagementLimit Software Installation

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

Praison — Praisonai

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2026-40156",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-40156",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2026-04-13T15:29:56.528951Z"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
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        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
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          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
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          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8
      }
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          "product": "PraisonAI",
          "versions": [
            {
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              "version": "< 4.5.128"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2026-04-10T17:17:13.297",
  "references": [
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      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-2g3w-cpc4-chr4",
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    },
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      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-2g3w-cpc4-chr4",
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  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
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      "description": [
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          "value": "CWE-94"
        },
        {
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          "value": "CWE-426"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-829"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.128, PraisonAI automatically loads a file named tools.py from the current working directory to discover and register custom agent tools. This loading process uses importlib.util.spec_from_file_location and immediately executes module-level code via spec.loader.exec_module() without explicit user consent, validation, or sandboxing. The tools.py file is loaded implicitly, even when it is not referenced in configuration files or explicitly requested by the user. As a result, merely placing a file named tools.py in the working directory is sufficient to trigger code execution. This behavior violates the expected security boundary between user-controlled project files (e.g., YAML configurations) and executable code, as untrusted content in the working directory is treated as trusted and executed automatically. If an attacker can place a malicious tools.py file into a directory where a user or automated system (e.g., CI/CD pipeline) runs praisonai, arbitrary code execution occurs immediately upon startup, before any agent logic begins.  This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.128."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T10:44:47.167",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
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          "operator": "OR"
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  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com"
}