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CVE-2025-54550

Estado: AnalizadaAlta (8.1)—

The example example_xcom that was included in airflow documentation implemented unsafe pattern of reading value from xcom in the way that could be exploited to allow UI user who had access to modify XComs to perform arbitrary execution of code on the worker. Since the UI users are already highly trusted, this is a Low severity vulnerability.

It does not affect Airflow release - example_dags are not supposed to be enabled in production environment, however users following the example could replicate the bad pattern. Documentation of Airflow 3.2.0 contains version of the example with improved resiliance for that case.

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Users who followed that pattern are advised to adjust their implementations accordingly.

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

Acceso remoto autenticado (PR:L) en servicio Apache Airflow que permite ejecución arbitraria de código en worker mediante manipulación unsafe de XComs, con confidencialidad e integridad comprometidas (C:H, I:H).

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Privileged Account ManagementDisable or Remove Feature or ProgramVulnerability ScanningThreat Intelligence ProgramRestrict Web-Based ContentNetwork Segmentation

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

Apache — Airflow

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2025-54550",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
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      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-54550",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2026-04-16T11:56:37.252031Z"
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          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 8.1,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
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        "impactScore": 5.2,
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8
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  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "security@apache.org",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation",
          "product": "Apache Airflow",
          "versions": [
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              "status": "affected",
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              "lessThan": "3.2.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
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          "packageName": "apache-airflow",
          "collectionURL": "https://pypi.python.org",
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  "published": "2026-04-15T04:17:32.670",
  "references": [
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      "tags": [
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      "source": "security@apache.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/3mf4cfx070ofsnf9qy0s2v5gqb5sc2g1",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "Vendor Advisory"
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      "source": "security@apache.org"
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      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
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  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
  "weaknesses": [
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      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "security@apache.org",
      "description": [
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          "value": "CWE-94"
        }
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  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "The example example_xcom that was included in airflow documentation implemented unsafe pattern of reading value\nfrom xcom in the way that could be exploited to allow UI user who had access to modify XComs to perform arbitrary\nexecution of code on the worker. Since the UI users are already highly trusted, this is a Low severity vulnerability.\n\nIt does not affect Airflow release - example_dags are not supposed to be enabled in production environment, however\nusers following the example could replicate the bad pattern. Documentation of Airflow 3.2.0 contains version of\nthe example with improved resiliance for that case.\n\nUsers who followed that pattern are advised to adjust their implementations accordingly."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "El ejemplo example_xcom que se incluyó en la documentación de Airflow implementó un patrón inseguro de lectura de valores de xcom de una manera que podría ser explotada para permitir que un usuario de la interfaz de usuario (UI) que tuviera acceso para modificar XComs realizara la ejecución arbitraria de código en el worker. Dado que los usuarios de la interfaz de usuario (UI) ya son de alta confianza, esta es una vulnerabilidad de baja severidad.\n\nNo afecta a la versión de Airflow; los example_dags no deben habilitarse en un entorno de producción; sin embargo, los usuarios que siguieron el ejemplo podrían replicar el patrón incorrecto. La documentación de Airflow 3.2.0 contiene una versión del ejemplo con resiliencia mejorada para ese caso.\n\nSe aconseja a los usuarios que siguieron ese patrón que ajusten sus implementaciones en consecuencia."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-09-30T22:10:00.273",
  "configurations": [
    {
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        {
          "negate": false,
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