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CVE-2025-54481

Estado: ModificadaCrítica (9.8)—

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 8744 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 3:

In this case, the overflowed buffer is the newly-declared `v` \[1\] instead of `buf`. Since `v` is only 17 bytes large, much smaller values of `len` (even those encoded using a single octet) can trigger an overflow in this code path.

Detalles técnicos trazas, registros y código del informe original
				else if (tag==3) {
					// character code
					char v[17];		// [1]
					if (len>16) fprintf(stderr,"Warning MFER tag2 incorrect length %i>16\n",len);
					curPos += ifread(&v,1,len,hdr);
					v[len]  = 0;

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

Buffer overflow en parser MFER (AV:N, AC:L, PR:N, UI:N) permite ejecución remota sin autenticación. Archivo MFER malicioso desencadena desbordamiento de pila causando ejecución de código arbitrario en línea 8744 de biosig.c.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Privileged Account ManagementVulnerability ScanningRestrict Web-Based ContentNetwork SegmentationLimit Software InstallationLimit Access to Resource Over Network

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

Libbiosig Project — Libbiosig

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

Mostrar
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          "id": "CVE-2025-54481",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
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              "exploitation": "none"
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            {
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          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2025-08-25T19:10:05.248134Z"
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          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
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          "vendor": "The Biosig Project",
          "product": "libbiosig",
          "versions": [
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  "published": "2025-08-25T14:15:33.700",
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      "lang": "en",
      "value": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 8744 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 3:\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\telse if (tag==3) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\t// character code\r\n\t\t\t\t\tchar v[17];\t\t// [1]\r\n\t\t\t\t\tif (len>16) fprintf(stderr,\"Warning MFER tag2 incorrect length %i>16\\n\",len);\r\n\t\t\t\t\tcurPos += ifread(&v,1,len,hdr);\r\n\t\t\t\t\tv[len]  = 0;\r\n\r\nIn this case, the overflowed buffer is the newly-declared `v` \\[1\\] instead of `buf`. Since `v` is only 17 bytes large, much smaller values of `len` (even those encoded using a single octet) can trigger an overflow in this code path."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Existe una vulnerabilidad de desbordamiento de búfer en la pila en la funcionalidad de análisis MFER de The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 y Master Branch (35a819fa). Un archivo MFER especialmente manipulado puede provocar la ejecución de código arbitrario. Un atacante puede proporcionar un archivo malicioso para activar esta vulnerabilidad. Esta vulnerabilidad se manifiesta en la línea 8744 de biosig.c en la rama maestra actual (35a819fa), cuando la etiqueta es 3: else if (tag==3) { // character code char v[17]; // [1] if (len>16) fprintf(stderr,\"Warning MFER tag2 incorrect length %i>16\\n\",len); curPos += ifread(&v,1,len,hdr); v[len] = 0; En este caso, el búfer desbordado es el recién declarado `v` \\[1\\] en lugar de `buf`. Dado que `v` tiene solo 17 bytes, valores mucho más pequeños de `len` (incluso aquellos codificados utilizando un solo octeto) pueden provocar un desbordamiento en esta ruta de código."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T09:40:10.923",
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  "sourceIdentifier": "talos-cna@cisco.com"
}