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CVE-2025-43919

Estado: ModificadaAlta (7.5)—

GNU Mailman 2.1.39, as bundled in cPanel (and WHM), allows unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files via ../ directory traversal at /mailman/private/mailman (aka the private archive authentication endpoint) via the username parameter. NOTE: multiple third parties report that they are unable to reproduce this, regardless of whether cPanel or WHM is used.

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

AV:N/PR:N/UI:N indica explotación remota sin autenticación (T1190). CWE-22 (path traversal) permite lectura no autorizada de archivos arbitrarios (T1005).

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Vulnerability ScanningPrivileged Account ManagementNetwork SegmentationLimit Access to Resource Over NetworkFilter Network TrafficApplication Isolation and Sandboxing

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

GNU — Mailman

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2025-43919",
  "cveTags": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "disputed"
      ],
      "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org"
    }
  ],
  "metrics": {
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-43919",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2025-04-21T14:39:17.371589Z"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
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        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "cve@mitre.org",
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          "baseScore": 5.8,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW"
        },
        "impactScore": 1.4,
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9
      },
      {
        "type": "Primary",
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
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          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
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          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
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          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 3.6,
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      }
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  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "affectedData": [
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          "vendor": "GNU",
          "product": "Mailman",
          "versions": [
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              "version": "2.1.39",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unknown"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2025-04-20T01:15:45.233",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://code.launchpad.net/~mailman-coders/mailman/2.1",
      "tags": [
        "Product"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/0NYX-MY7H/CVE-2025-43919",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Mitigation",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/cpanel/mailman2-python3",
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/21/6",
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-24"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "type": "Primary",
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-22"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "GNU Mailman 2.1.39, as bundled in cPanel (and WHM), allows unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files via ../ directory traversal at /mailman/private/mailman (aka the private archive authentication endpoint) via the username parameter. NOTE: multiple third parties report that they are unable to reproduce this, regardless of whether cPanel or WHM is used."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "GNU Mailman 2.1.39, tal como se incluye en cPanel (y WHM), permite a atacantes no autenticados leer archivos arbitrarios a través de directory traversal ../ en /mailman/private/mailman (también conocido como el endpoint de autenticación de archivo privado) mediante el parámetro de nombre de usuario."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T09:24:44.550",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
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              "versionEndIncluding": "2.1.39",
              "versionStartIncluding": "2.1.1"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org"
}