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CVE-2025-4091

Estado: ModificadaAlta (8.1)—

Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 137, Thunderbird 137, Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 138, Firefox ESR 128.10, Thunderbird 138, and Thunderbird 128.10.

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

🎯 Técnicas ATT&CK

Cómo se explota esta vulnerabilidad y qué consigue el atacante, en el lenguaje de MITRE ATT&CK.

Vector CVSS AV:N/AC:H indica explotación remota sin privilegios (T1190). Memory safety bugs en navegador/cliente de correo podrían ejecutar código arbitrario (T1059); AC:H refleja dificultad de explotación.

Inferido por nuestro agente de análisis a partir de la descripción oficial, el vector CVSS y la CWE, y comprobado por un supervisor. Puede contener errores.

🛡️ Mitigaciones ATT&CK que cubren estas técnicas

Privileged Account ManagementVulnerability ScanningRestrict Web-Based ContentNetwork SegmentationLimit Software InstallationLimit Access to Resource Over Network

Tecnologías afectadas (2)

Mozilla — FirefoxMozilla — Thunderbird

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2025-4091",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
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        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-4091",
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "version": "2.0.3",
          "timestamp": "2025-04-29T15:36:41.850174Z"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "type": "Secondary",
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.1",
          "baseScore": 8.1,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.2
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "security@mozilla.org",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "Mozilla",
          "product": "Firefox",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "128.10",
              "versionType": "rpm",
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            {
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              "version": "138",
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        {
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          "product": "Thunderbird",
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              "status": "unaffected",
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  "published": "2025-04-29T14:15:35.717",
  "references": [
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      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1951161%2C1952105",
      "tags": [
        "Broken Link"
      ],
      "source": "security@mozilla.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-28/",
      "tags": [
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      "source": "security@mozilla.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-29/",
      "tags": [
        "Vendor Advisory"
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      "source": "security@mozilla.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-31/",
      "tags": [
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      "source": "security@mozilla.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-32/",
      "tags": [
        "Vendor Advisory"
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      "source": "security@mozilla.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00024.html",
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Secondary",
      "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-119"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 137, Thunderbird 137, Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 138, Firefox ESR 128.10, Thunderbird 138, and Thunderbird 128.10."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Errores de seguridad de memoria presentes en Firefox 137, Thunderbird 137, Firefox ESR 128.9 y Thunderbird 128.9. Algunos de estos errores mostraron evidencia de corrupción de memoria y presumimos que, con suficiente esfuerzo, algunos de ellos podrían haberse explotado para ejecutar código arbitrario. Esta vulnerabilidad afecta a Firefox menor que 138, Firefox ESR menor que 128.10, Thunderbird menor que 138 y Thunderbird ESR menor que 128.10."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-10-05T15:10:00.590",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
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