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CVE-2018-18558

Estado: ModificadaMedia (6.4)—

An issue was discovered in Espressif ESP-IDF 2.x and 3.x before 3.0.6 and 3.1.x before 3.1.1. Insufficient validation of input data in the 2nd stage bootloader allows a physically proximate attacker to bypass secure boot checks and execute arbitrary code, by crafting an application binary that overwrites a bootloader code segment in process_segment in components/bootloader_support/src/esp_image_format.c. The attack is effective when the flash encryption feature is not enabled, or if the attacker finds a different vulnerability that allows them to write this binary to flash memory.

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

Espressif — Esp-idf

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2018-18558",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV2": [
      {
        "type": "Primary",
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "cvssData": {
          "version": "2.0",
          "baseScore": 6.9,
          "accessVector": "LOCAL",
          "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C",
          "authentication": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE",
          "accessComplexity": "MEDIUM",
          "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE"
        },
        "acInsufInfo": false,
        "impactScore": 10,
        "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
        "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.4,
        "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
        "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
        "userInteractionRequired": false
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV30": [
      {
        "type": "Primary",
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.0",
          "baseScore": 6.4,
          "attackVector": "PHYSICAL",
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "exploitabilityScore": 0.5
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "product": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "n/a"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2019-05-13T13:29:02.103",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/releases",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.espressif.com/en/news/Espressif_Product_Security_Advisory_Concerning_Secure_Boot_%28CVE-2018-18558%29",
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/releases",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.espressif.com/en/news/Espressif_Product_Security_Advisory_Concerning_Secure_Boot_%28CVE-2018-18558%29",
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Primary",
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-20"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "An issue was discovered in Espressif ESP-IDF 2.x and 3.x before 3.0.6 and 3.1.x before 3.1.1. Insufficient validation of input data in the 2nd stage bootloader allows a physically proximate attacker to bypass secure boot checks and execute arbitrary code, by crafting an application binary that overwrites a bootloader code segment in process_segment in components/bootloader_support/src/esp_image_format.c. The attack is effective when the flash encryption feature is not enabled, or if the attacker finds a different vulnerability that allows them to write this binary to flash memory."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Se descubrió un problema en Espressif ESP-IDF versión 2.x y versión 3.x anterior a 3.0.6 y versión 3.1.x anterior a 3.1.1. La comprobación insuficiente de los datos de entrada en el gestor de arranque de la segunda etapa permite que un atacante físicamente próximo omita las comprobaciones de arranque seguras y ejecute código arbitrario, creando un binario de aplicación que sobrescriba un segmento de código del gestor de arranque en el parámetro process_segment en el archivo components/bootloader_support/src/esp_image_format.c. El ataque es exitoso cuando la función de cifrado flash está inhabilitada, o si el atacante encuentra una vulnerabilidad distinta que le permite escribir este binario en la memoria flash."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T01:47:30.130",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:espressif:esp-idf:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "vulnerable": true,
              "matchCriteriaId": "A16A6B0D-D949-4CD3-B16B-66B56E381F6C",
              "versionEndExcluding": "3.0.6",
              "versionStartIncluding": "2.0"
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:espressif:esp-idf:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "vulnerable": true,
              "matchCriteriaId": "B969656A-0BC9-4869-96FE-0D08C9EBB83D",
              "versionEndIncluding": "3.1.1",
              "versionStartIncluding": "3.1"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org"
}