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CVE-2015-7225

Estado: ModificadaMedia (5.3)—

Tinfoil Devise-two-factor before 2.0.0 does not strictly follow section 5.2 of RFC 6238 and does not "burn" a successfully validated one-time password (aka OTP), which allows remote or physically proximate attackers with a target user's login credentials to log in as said user by obtaining the OTP through performing a man-in-the-middle attack between the provider and verifier, or shoulder surfing, and replaying the OTP in the current time-step.

CVSS

Probabilidad de explotación (EPSS)

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System, de FIRST) estima la probabilidad de que una vulnerabilidad sea explotada en 30 días. Complementa a CVSS (impacto) y a CISA KEV (explotación confirmada).

Tecnologías afectadas (1)

Tinfoilsecurity — Devise-two-factor

CWE

Referencias

JSON original (NVD)

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{
  "id": "CVE-2015-7225",
  "cveTags": [],
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV2": [
      {
        "type": "Primary",
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "cvssData": {
          "version": "2.0",
          "baseScore": 3.5,
          "accessVector": "NETWORK",
          "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:S/C:P/I:N/A:N",
          "authentication": "SINGLE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "accessComplexity": "MEDIUM",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL"
        },
        "acInsufInfo": false,
        "impactScore": 2.9,
        "baseSeverity": "LOW",
        "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
        "exploitabilityScore": 6.8,
        "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
        "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
        "userInteractionRequired": false
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV30": [
      {
        "type": "Primary",
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "cvssData": {
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "version": "3.0",
          "baseScore": 5.3,
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
        },
        "impactScore": 3.6,
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.6
      }
    ]
  },
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "product": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "n/a"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "published": "2017-09-06T21:29:00.957",
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/06/20/4",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "VDB Entry"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/09/17/2",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "VDB Entry"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/76789",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory",
        "VDB Entry"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=798466",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/blob/master/UPGRADING.md",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/issues/45#issuecomment-139335608",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/06/20/4",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "VDB Entry"
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      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/09/17/2",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "VDB Entry"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/76789",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory",
        "VDB Entry"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=798466",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/blob/master/UPGRADING.md",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/issues/45#issuecomment-139335608",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"
    }
  ],
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "type": "Primary",
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-254"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Tinfoil Devise-two-factor before 2.0.0 does not strictly follow section 5.2 of RFC 6238 and does not \"burn\" a successfully validated one-time password (aka OTP), which allows remote or physically proximate attackers with a target user's login credentials to log in as said user by obtaining the OTP through performing a man-in-the-middle attack between the provider and verifier, or shoulder surfing, and replaying the OTP in the current time-step."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Tinfoil Devise-two-factor, en versiones anteriores a la 2.0.0, no sigue de manera estricta la sección 5.2 de la norma RFC 6238 y no \"consume\" una contraseña de un solo uso (también llamada OTP) correctamente validada. Esto permite que atacantes remotos o que se encuentren físicamente cerca inicien sesión como un usuario utilizando sus credenciales de acceso. Esto se llevaría a cabo realizando un ataque Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) entre el proveedor y el verificador u observando físicamente (lo que se conoce como shoulder surfing) y repitiendo la contraseña OTP en el intervalo de tiempo actual."
    }
  ],
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T00:32:05.073",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "negate": false,
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:tinfoilsecurity:devise-two-factor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "vulnerable": true,
              "matchCriteriaId": "9796BE8B-A754-4A3A-9B61-C40420C0E53A",
              "versionEndIncluding": "1.1.0"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org"
}